Na Kyung-Sun, Hwang Kyu-Yeon, Lee Hyun-Soo, Chung So-Hyang, Mok Jee Won, Joo Choun-Ki
Department of Ophthalmology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
Department of Ophthalmology, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2015 Dec 17;15 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):159. doi: 10.1186/s12886-015-0133-9.
Although the mechanism of dry eye disease is not clearly understood, it is certain that inflammation and the immune response play a major role in determining the health of the ocular surface in dry eye patients. Accurate ocular surface characterization during the early stages of dry eye disease is critical for successful treatment, because there exists no single standard, objective test to diagnose the early phase of dry eye disease. The treatment target should be direct to prevent the perpetuation of chronic inflammation and immune responses. Numerous studies have categorized dry eye disease as an autoimmune-related inflammatory disease. However, relatively little is known about how innate immune mechanisms act following a local insult, why some patients are particularly vulnerable, and why local inflammation fails to resolve in these patients. Within this review, particular attention will be given to the very early events and corresponding defense mechanism in dry eye disease. The transition from innate to adaptive immunity will also be discussed.
尽管干眼症的发病机制尚不完全清楚，但炎症和免疫反应在干眼症患者眼表健康状况的决定中无疑起着主要作用。在干眼症早期准确表征眼表状况对于成功治疗至关重要，因为目前尚无单一标准的客观测试来诊断干眼症的早期阶段。治疗目标应直接针对防止慢性炎症和免疫反应的持续存在。众多研究已将干眼症归类为一种自身免疫相关的炎症性疾病。然而，对于局部损伤后固有免疫机制如何发挥作用、为何有些患者特别易感以及为何这些患者的局部炎症无法消退，我们了解得相对较少。在本综述中，将特别关注干眼症中非常早期的事件及相应的防御机制。同时也将讨论从固有免疫到适应性免疫的转变。
