Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA.
Mol Cell Biochem. 2022 Mar;477(3):849-864. doi: 10.1007/s11010-021-04336-6. Epub 2022 Jan 23.
Since the initial outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), extensive research has emerged from across the globe to understand the pathophysiology of this novel coronavirus. Transmission of this virus is a subject of particular interest as researchers work to understand which protective and preventative measures are most effective. Despite the well understood model of aerosol-respiratory mediated transmission, the exact mechanism underlying the inoculation, infection and spread of COVID-19 is currently unknown. Given anatomical positioning and near constant exposure to aerosolized pathogens, the eye may be a possible gateway for COVID-19 infection. This critical review explores the possibility of an ocular-systemic or ocular-nasal-pulmonic pathway of COVID-19 infection and includes novel insights into the possible immunological mechanisms leading to cytokine surge.
自 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）首次爆发以来，全球范围内涌现出大量研究，旨在了解这种新型冠状病毒的病理生理学。由于研究人员正在努力了解哪种保护和预防措施最有效，因此该病毒的传播是一个特别感兴趣的课题。尽管人们非常了解气溶胶-呼吸道介导的传播模式，但 COVID-19 的接种、感染和传播的确切机制目前尚不清楚。鉴于眼部的解剖位置和对气溶胶病原体的近乎持续暴露，眼睛可能是 COVID-19 感染的一个可能途径。本批判性综述探讨了 COVID-19 感染的眼-全身或眼-鼻-肺途径的可能性，并包括对导致细胞因子激增的可能免疫机制的新见解。
