Webster Carl I, Bryson Christine J, Cloake Edward A, Jones Tim D, Austin Mark J, Karle Anette C, Spindeldreher Sebastian, Lowe David C, Baker Matthew P
a MedImmune Ltd, Milstein Building , Granta Park, Cambridge , CB21 6GH , United Kingdom.
b Antitope Ltd (An Abzena company), Babraham Research Campus , Babraham, Cambridge , CB22 3AT , United Kingdom.
MAbs. 2016;8(2):253-63. doi: 10.1080/19420862.2015.1128605. Epub 2016 Jan 29.
The immunogenicity of clinically administered antibodies has clinical implications for the patients receiving them, ranging from mild consequences, such as increased clearance of the drug from the circulation, to life-threatening effects. The emergence of methods to engineer variable regions resulting in the generation of humanised and fully human antibodies as therapeutics has reduced the potential for adverse immunogenicity. However, due to differences in sequence referred to as allotypic variation, antibody constant regions are not homogeneous within the human population, even within sub-classes of the same immunoglobulin isotype. For therapeutically administered antibodies, the potential exists for an immune response from the patient to the antibody if the allotype of patient and antibody do not match. Allotypic distribution in the human population varies within and across ethnic groups making the choice of allotype for a therapeutic antibody difficult. This study investigated the potential of human IgG1 allotypes to stimulate responses in human CD4(+) T cells from donors matched for homologous and heterologous IgG1 allotypes. Allotypic variants of the therapeutic monoclonal antibody trastuzumab were administered to genetically defined allotypic matched and mismatched donor T cells. No significant responses were observed in the mismatched T cells. To investigate the lack of T-cell responses in relation to mismatched allotypes, HLA-DR agretopes were identified via MHC associated peptide proteomics (MAPPs). As expected, many HLA-DR restricted peptides were presented. However, there were no peptides presented from the sequence regions containing the allotypic variations. Taken together, the results from the T-cell assay and MAPPs assay indicate that the allotypic differences in human IgG1 do not represent a significant risk for induction of immunogenicity.
临床应用抗体的免疫原性对接受这些抗体的患者具有临床意义,范围从轻微后果,如药物从循环中清除增加,到危及生命的影响。工程化可变区方法的出现,导致产生人源化和完全人源抗体作为治疗药物,降低了不良免疫原性的可能性。然而,由于称为同种异型变异的序列差异,抗体恒定区在人群中并非同质,即使在同一免疫球蛋白同种型的亚类中也是如此。对于治疗性应用的抗体,如果患者和抗体的同种异型不匹配,患者就有可能对抗体产生免疫反应。人群中的同种异型分布在不同种族群体内部和之间都有所不同,这使得治疗性抗体同种异型的选择变得困难。本研究调查了人IgG1同种异型刺激来自同源和异源IgG1同种异型匹配供体的人CD4(+) T细胞反应的潜力。将治疗性单克隆抗体曲妥珠单抗的同种异型变体施用于基因定义的同种异型匹配和不匹配的供体T细胞。在不匹配的T细胞中未观察到明显反应。为了研究与不匹配同种异型相关的T细胞反应缺失情况,通过MHC相关肽蛋白质组学(MAPPs)鉴定了HLA-DR抗原表位。正如预期的那样,呈现了许多HLA-DR限制性肽。然而,在包含同种异型变异的序列区域中没有呈现肽。综合来看,T细胞检测和MAPPs检测的结果表明,人IgG1中的同种异型差异并不代表诱导免疫原性的重大风险。