Wheeler D L, Johnson D A
Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-6430.
Phytopathology. 2016 Jun;106(6):602-13. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-07-15-0174-R. Epub 2016 Apr 8.
Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae, reduces yields of potato and mint. Crop rotation is a potential management tactic for Verticillium wilt; however, the wide host range of V. dahliae may limit the effectiveness of this tactic. The hypothesis that rotation crops are infected by V. dahliae inoculum originating from potato and mint was tested by inoculation of mustards, grasses, and Austrian winter pea with eight isolates of V. dahliae. Inoculum density was estimated from plants and soil. Typical wilt symptoms were not observed in any rotation crop but plant biomass of some crops was reduced, not affected, or increased by infection of specific isolates. Each isolate was host-specific and infected a subset of the rotation crops tested but microsclerotia from at least one isolate were observed on each rotation crop. Some isolates were host-adapted and differentially altered plant biomass or produced differential amounts of inoculum on rotation crops like arugula and Austrian winter pea, which supported more inoculum of specific isolates than potato. Evidence of asymptomatic and symptomatic infection and differential inoculum formation of V. dahliae on rotation crops presented here will be useful in designing rotations for management of Verticillium wilt.
由大丽轮枝菌引起的黄萎病会降低马铃薯和薄荷的产量。作物轮作是防治黄萎病的一种潜在管理策略；然而，大丽轮枝菌广泛的寄主范围可能会限制这种策略的有效性。通过用八株大丽轮枝菌分离株接种芥菜、禾本科植物和奥地利冬豌豆，对轮作作物是否被源自马铃薯和薄荷的大丽轮枝菌接种体感染这一假设进行了测试。从植物和土壤中估计接种体密度。在任何轮作作物中均未观察到典型的萎蔫症状，但某些作物的植物生物量因特定分离株的感染而减少、未受影响或增加。每个分离株都具有寄主特异性，能感染所测试轮作作物中的一部分，但在每种轮作作物上都观察到了至少一种分离株产生的微菌核。一些分离株具有寄主适应性，会使轮作作物如芝麻菜和奥地利冬豌豆的植物生物量发生不同变化，或产生不同数量的接种体，这些作物比马铃薯能支持更多特定分离株的接种体。本文所呈现的大丽轮枝菌在轮作作物上无症状和有症状感染以及不同接种体形成的证据，将有助于设计防治黄萎病的轮作方案。
