Watson G A, Kelly D, Melland-Smith M, Gleeson J, McEntee G, Kelly C M, McCaffrey J A
Department of Medical Oncology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles St., Dublin 7, Ireland.
Department of Surgery, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles St., Dublin 7, Ireland.
Ir J Med Sci. 2016 May;185(2):319-26. doi: 10.1007/s11845-016-1410-1. Epub 2016 Feb 1.
GISTs are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. The last 20 years have been revolutionary in the understanding of these tumours and began with the discovery of c-KIT, a proto oncogene that when mutated forms the molecular basis for the growth and development of these malignancies. Surgery was previously considered to be the only treatment modality in both local and advanced disease, however, the introduction of immunotherapy agents such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors has had profound effects on how we now approach and manage these tumours. These novel agents have significantly reduced the frequency of disease recurrence and dramatically improved survival, and serve as a model for the study of targeted therapies in other solid tumors. We present a review of gastrointestinal stromal tumours and consider the current evidence based detection and management of these unique tumors.
胃肠道间质瘤（GISTs）是胃肠道最常见的间叶性肿瘤。在过去20年里，对这些肿瘤的认识发生了革命性变化，始于原癌基因c-KIT的发现，该基因发生突变时构成了这些恶性肿瘤生长和发展的分子基础。手术曾被认为是局部和晚期疾病的唯一治疗方式，然而，酪氨酸激酶抑制剂等免疫治疗药物的引入对我们目前处理和管理这些肿瘤的方式产生了深远影响。这些新型药物显著降低了疾病复发频率，大幅提高了生存率，并成为其他实体瘤靶向治疗研究的典范。我们对胃肠道间质瘤进行综述，并探讨基于当前证据的这些独特肿瘤的检测和管理方法。
