中国住院新生儿的流行病学调查。

Epidemiologic survey on hospitalized neonates in China.

机构信息

1 Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Affiliated Shengjing Hospital; 2 Department of Pediatrics, Central South University Affiliated Xiangya Hospital; 3 Department of Pediatrics, Sichuan University Affiliated West China Second Hospital; 4 Zhejiang University School of Medicine Affiliated Children's Hospital; 5 Beihai Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital; 6 Beihai People's Hospital; 7 Beijing Children's Hospital Emergency Center; 8 Capital University of Medical Sciences Affiliated Beijing Obstetrics&Gynecology Hospital; 9 Chengdu Children's Hospital/Chengdu Children's Emergency Center; 10 Chongqing Fifth People's Hospital; 11 Chongqing Fulin District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital; 12 Chongqing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital; 13 Chongqing Medical University Affiliated Children's Hospital; 14 Chongqing Three Gorge Central Hospital Children Health Care Center; 15 Dalian Children's Hospital; 16 Fudan University Affiliated Children's Hospital; 17 Fudan University Affiliated Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital; 18 Gansu Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital; 19 Guangdong People's Hospital; 20 Guangi Minzu Hospital; 21 Guangxi Children's Hospital; 22 Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital; 23 Guangzhou Children's Hospital; 24 Guangzhou NO.1 People's Hospital; 25 Guangzhou NO.2 People's Hospital; 26 Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital; 27 Haikou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital; 28 Hainan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital; 29 Hainan Medical College Affiliated Hospital; 30 Harbin Medical University Affiliated Second Hospital; 31 Hölün Buyer Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital; 32 Hubei Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital; 33 Hunan Children's Hospital; 34 Hunan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital; 35 Hunan People's Hospital; 36 Inner Mongolia Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital; 37 Jiamusi University Affiliated First Hospital; 38 Jiaozuo Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital; 39 Jiaxi Chi

出版信息

Transl Pediatr. 2012 Jul;1(1):15-22. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2224-4336.2011.10.01.

DOI:10.3978/j.issn.2224-4336.2011.10.01

PMID:26835259

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4728849/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To carry out a nationwide epidemiologic survey on the neonates in urban hospitals with an attempt to understand the disease spectrum and treatment outcomes of hospitalized neonates in China.

METHODS

The clinical data of 43,289 hospitalized neonates from 86 hospitals in 47 Chinese cities (22 provinces) between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2005 were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTS

The male:female ratio was 1.73:1. Premature infants accounted for 26.2% of the hospitalized neonates, which was higher than that reported in 2002 (19.7%). The top three diseases during the neonatal period were jaundice, pneumonia, and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. The incidences of pneumonia, meconium aspiration syndrome, and bilirubin encephalopathy in term infants were higher than those in premature infants, while the incidences of asphyxia, respiratory distress syndrome, and pulmonary hemorrhage in term infants were lower than those in premature infants. The incidences of asphyxia, small for gestational age infant, and wet lung were higher in neonates whose mother had pregnancy induced hypertension. The outcomes of these hospitalized neonates included: recovered, 63.9%; improved, 27.3%; discharged due to the family's own decisions, 7.6%, and died, 1.2%. Nearly half (46.4%) of the neonatal death occurred within 24 hrs after admission.

CONCLUSION

The incidence of premature birth shows an increasing trend among hospitalized neonates. Since the neonatal deaths mainly occur within 24 hrs after admission, monitoring during this period should be enhanced.

摘要

目的

对全国城市医院的新生儿进行一次流行病学调查，以了解中国住院新生儿的疾病谱和治疗结果。

方法

对 2005 年 1 月 1 日至 12 月 31 日期间全国 47 个城市（22 个省）86 家医院的 43289 例住院新生儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。

结果

男婴与女婴之比为 1.73:1。早产儿占住院新生儿的 26.2%，高于 2002 年的报告（19.7%）。新生儿期的前三位疾病为黄疸、肺炎和缺氧缺血性脑病。足月新生儿的肺炎、胎粪吸入综合征和胆红素脑病的发病率高于早产儿，而早产儿的窒息、呼吸窘迫综合征和肺出血的发病率低于早产儿。母亲患有妊娠高血压的新生儿中，窒息、小于胎龄儿和湿肺的发病率较高。这些住院新生儿的结局包括：痊愈，63.9%；好转，27.3%；因家庭自身决定出院，7.6%；死亡，1.2%。近一半（46.4%）的新生儿死亡发生在入院后 24 小时内。