Department of Neurosurgery, Albany Medical Center, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Mail Code 10, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
Transl Pediatr. 2014 Jul;3(3):195-207. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2224-4336.2014.06.01.
Non-accidental trauma (NAT) is a leading cause of childhood traumatic injury and death in the United States. It is estimated that 1,400 children died from maltreatment in the United States in 2002 and abusive head trauma (AHT) accounted for 80% of these deaths. This review examines the epidemiology and risk factors for NAT as well as the general presentation and required medical work up of abused children. In addition, potential algorithms for recognizing cases of abuse are reviewed as well as outcomes in children with NAT and potential neurosurgical interventions which may be required. Finally, the evidence for seizure prophylaxis in this population is addressed.
非意外伤害（NAT）是美国儿童创伤性损伤和死亡的主要原因。据估计，2002 年美国有 1400 名儿童死于虐待，其中 80%的死亡是由虐待性头部创伤（AHT）引起的。本综述探讨了 NAT 的流行病学和危险因素，以及受虐待儿童的一般表现和所需的医学检查。此外，还回顾了识别虐待病例的潜在算法以及 NAT 患儿的预后和可能需要的神经外科干预措施。最后，还讨论了该人群中预防癫痫发作的证据。
