Huang Shi
State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
Genomics. 2016 Jul;108(1):3-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2016.01.008. Epub 2016 Feb 1.
The question of what determines genetic diversity has long remained unsolved by the modern evolutionary theory (MET). However, it has not deterred researchers from producing interpretations of genetic diversity by using MET. We examine the two observations of genetic diversity made in the 1960s that contributed to the development of MET. The interpretations of these observations by MET are widely known to be inadequate. We review the recent progress of an alternative framework, the maximum genetic diversity (MGD) hypothesis, that uses axioms and natural selection to explain the vast majority of genetic diversity as being at equilibrium that is largely determined by organismal complexity. The MGD hypothesis absorbs the proven virtues of MET and considers its assumptions relevant only to a much more limited scope. This new synthesis has accounted for the overlooked phenomenon of progression towards higher complexity, and more importantly, been instrumental in directing productive research.
现代进化理论（MET）长期以来一直未能解决是什么决定了遗传多样性这一问题。然而，这并没有阻止研究人员运用MET对遗传多样性进行解释。我们审视了20世纪60年代做出的两项有助于MET发展的关于遗传多样性的观察。MET对这些观察的解释普遍被认为是不充分的。我们回顾了另一种框架——最大遗传多样性（MGD）假说的最新进展，该假说运用公理和自然选择来解释绝大多数遗传多样性处于一种在很大程度上由生物体复杂性决定的平衡状态。MGD假说吸收了MET已被证实的优点，并认为其假设仅适用于一个更为有限的范围。这种新的综合理论解释了被忽视的向更高复杂性发展的现象，更重要的是，有助于指导富有成效的研究。
