诺如病毒疫苗：保护的相关因素、挑战与局限
Norovirus vaccines: Correlates of protection, challenges and limitations.
作者信息
Melhem Nada M
机构信息
a Medical Laboratory Sciences Program, American University of Beirut , Beirut , Lebanon.
出版信息
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016 Jul 2;12(7):1653-69. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1125054. Epub 2016 Feb 2.
Abstract
Norovirus (NoV) is responsible for at least 50% of all gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. NoVs are classified into 6 different genogroups (GGI- GGVI) based on the viral capsid protein with NoV genogroup II genotype 4 (GII.4) being the predominant strain causing human diseases. Supportive therapy involving reversal of dehydration and electrolyte deficiency is the main treatment of NoV gastroenteritis. However, the worldwide increased recognition of NoV as an important agent of diarrheal gastroenteritis prompted researchers to focus on establishing preventive strategies conferring long-lasting immunity. This review describes the current status of animal and human vaccine models/studies targeting NoV and addresses the factors hampering the development of a broadly effective vaccine.
摘要
诺如病毒（NoV）导致了全球至少50%的肠胃炎暴发。根据病毒衣壳蛋白，诺如病毒被分为6个不同的基因组（GGI - GGVI），其中诺如病毒基因组II基因型4（GII.4）是导致人类疾病的主要毒株。纠正脱水和电解质缺乏的支持性治疗是诺如病毒肠胃炎的主要治疗方法。然而，全球范围内对诺如病毒作为腹泻性肠胃炎重要病原体的认识不断提高，促使研究人员专注于制定能提供持久免疫力的预防策略。本综述描述了针对诺如病毒的动物和人类疫苗模型/研究的现状，并探讨了阻碍开发广泛有效的疫苗的因素。
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