Medical Laboratory Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon.
Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Virol J. 2017 Nov 10;14(1):220. doi: 10.1186/s12985-017-0877-3.
Norovirus (NoV) is considered the second leading cause of viral acute gastroenteritis (AGE). To our knowledge, there are no systematic reviews assessing the role of NoV in AGE in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Consequently, we conducted an extensive systematic literature review on articles studying NoV in the 24 countries of the MENA region during the past 15 years (2000-2015). The methods and reporting were set according to the 2015 PRISMA-P and based on the elements from the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO). We retrieved 38 studies meeting our predefined inclusion criteria and were used to extract full data. Studies reporting on NoV were conducted in 15 out of the 24 countries of the region. The reported NoV infection rates in MENA countries ranged between 0.82% and 36.84%. The majority of studies were clinical observational studies assessing NoV rates mainly among children. Participants were recruited from in- and outpatient clinics. NoV infection was reported all year round with with peaks observed mainly during cold months. GII.4 was the predominant genotype detected in stool of participants as reported by 16 out of 25 studies (64%). Overall, there is an increasing recognition of NoV as an important causative agent of AGE across all age groups in the MENA region. Further studies are needed to assess the national and the regional burden of NoV among different age groups, its molecular diversity and seasonal variability.
诺如病毒（NoV）被认为是病毒性急性肠胃炎（AGE）的第二大主要病因。据我们所知，目前尚无系统评价评估中东和北非（MENA）地区 NoV 在 AGE 中的作用。因此，我们对过去 15 年（2000-2015 年）该地区 24 个国家的 NoV 研究进行了广泛的系统文献综述。该方法和报告根据 2015 年 PRISMA-P 制定，并基于国际前瞻性系统评价注册处（PROSPERO）的要素。我们检索到符合我们预先设定纳入标准的 38 项研究，并用于提取完整数据。报告 NoV 的研究在该地区的 24 个国家中的 15 个国家进行。MENA 国家的报告 NoV 感染率在 0.82%至 36.84%之间。大多数研究是临床观察性研究，主要评估儿童中的 NoV 率。参与者是从门诊和住院诊所招募的。NoV 感染全年都有报道，主要在寒冷月份出现高峰。如 25 项研究中的 16 项（64%）所报告的，参与者粪便中检测到的主要基因型是 GII.4。总体而言，人们越来越认识到 NoV 是 MENA 地区所有年龄段 AGE 的重要病原体。需要进一步研究来评估不同年龄段人群中 NoV 的国家和地区负担、其分子多样性和季节性变化。
