腹部对比增强光子计数CT成像：首例人体体验
Abdominal Imaging with Contrast-enhanced Photon-counting CT: First Human Experience.
作者信息
Pourmorteza Amir, Symons Rolf, Sandfort Veit, Mallek Marissa, Fuld Matthew K, Henderson Gregory, Jones Elizabeth C, Malayeri Ashkan A, Folio Les R, Bluemke David A
机构信息
From Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 10 Center Dr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 (A.P., R.S., V.S., M.M., G.H., E.C.J., A.A.M., L.R.F., D.A.B.); and Siemens Medical Solutions, Malvern, Pa (M.K.F.).
出版信息
Radiology. 2016 Apr;279(1):239-45. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2016152601. Epub 2016 Feb 3.
PURPOSE
To evaluate the performance of a prototype photon-counting detector (PCD) computed tomography (CT) system for abdominal CT in humans and to compare the results with a conventional energy-integrating detector (EID).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study was HIPAA-compliant and institutional review board-approved with informed consent. Fifteen asymptomatic volunteers (seven men; mean age, 58.2 years ± 9.8 [standard deviation]) were prospectively enrolled between September 2 and November 13, 2015. Radiation dose-matched delayed contrast agent-enhanced spiral and axial abdominal EID and PCD scans were acquired. Spiral images were scored for image quality (Wilcoxon signed-rank test) in five regions of interest by three radiologists blinded to the detector system, and the axial scans were used to assess Hounsfield unit accuracy in seven regions of interest (paired t test). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess reproducibility. PCD images were also used to calculate iodine concentration maps. Spatial resolution, noise-power spectrum, and Hounsfield unit accuracy of the systems were estimated by using a CT phantom.
RESULTS
In both systems, scores were similar for image quality (median score, 4; P = .19), noise (median score, 3; P = .30), and artifact (median score, 1; P = .17), with good interrater agreement (image quality, noise, and artifact ICC: 0.84, 0.88, and 0.74, respectively). Hounsfield unit values, spatial resolution, and noise-power spectrum were also similar with the exception of mean Hounsfield unit value in the spinal canal, which was lower in the PCD than the EID images because of beam hardening (20 HU vs 36.5 HU; P < .001). Contrast-to-noise ratio of enhanced kidney tissue was improved with PCD iodine mapping compared with EID (5.2 ± 1.3 vs 4.0 ± 1.3; P < .001).
CONCLUSION
The performance of PCD showed no statistically significant difference compared with EID when the abdomen was evaluated in a conventional scan mode. PCD provides spectral information, which may be used for material decomposition.
目的
评估一款用于人体腹部CT的原型光子计数探测器（PCD）计算机断层扫描（CT）系统的性能，并将结果与传统能量积分探测器（EID）进行比较。
材料与方法
本研究符合健康保险流通与责任法案（HIPAA）要求，并经机构审查委员会批准，所有受试者均签署了知情同意书。2015年9月2日至11月13日期间前瞻性招募了15名无症状志愿者（7名男性；平均年龄58.2岁±9.8[标准差]）。获取辐射剂量匹配的延迟对比剂增强螺旋和轴向腹部EID及PCD扫描图像。由对探测器系统不知情的三名放射科医生在五个感兴趣区域对螺旋图像的图像质量进行评分（Wilcoxon符号秩检验），并使用轴向扫描评估七个感兴趣区域的亨氏单位准确性（配对t检验）。组内相关系数（ICC）用于评估再现性。PCD图像还用于计算碘浓度图。使用CT体模估计系统的空间分辨率、噪声功率谱和亨氏单位准确性。
结果
在两个系统中，图像质量（中位数评分，4；P = 0.19）、噪声（中位数评分，3；P = 0.30）和伪影（中位数评分，1；P = 0.17）的评分相似，评分者间一致性良好（图像质量、噪声和伪影的ICC分别为0.84、0.88和0.74）。除椎管内的平均亨氏单位值外，亨氏单位值、空间分辨率和噪声功率谱也相似，由于束硬化，PCD图像中椎管内的平均亨氏单位值低于EID图像（20 HU对36.5 HU；P < 0.001）。与EID相比，PCD碘图可提高增强肾组织的对比噪声比（5.2±1.3对4.0±1.3；P < 0.001）。
结论
在传统扫描模式下评估腹部时，PCD的性能与EID相比无统计学显著差异。PCD提供光谱信息，可用于物质分解。
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