Forrest Mitchell, Hecimovich Mark, Dempsey Alasdair
a School of Psychology and Exercise Science , Murdoch University , Murdoch , WA 6150 , Australia.
b Division of Athletic Training, School of Health, Physical Education and Leisure Studies, College of Education , University of Northern Iowa , Cedar Falls , IA , USA.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2016 Sep;16(6):677-84. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2015.1135985. Epub 2016 Feb 3.
Adolescent fast bowlers are prone to sustaining lumbar injuries. Numerous components have been identified as contributing factors; however, there is limited empirical evidence outlining how the muscles of the lumbopelvic region, which play a vital role in stabilising the spine, function during the bowling action and the influence of such activation on injuries in the fast bowler.
Surface electromyography was utilised to measure the function of the lumbar erector spinae, lumbar multifidus, gluteus medius and gluteus maximus muscles bilaterally during the fast bowling action in a group of 35 cricket fast bowlers aged 12-16 years.
Two prominent periods of activation occurred in each of the muscles examined. The period of greatest mean activation in the erector spinae and multifidus occurred near back foot contact (BFC) and within the post-ball-release (BR) phase. The period of greatest mean activation for the gluteus medius and gluteus maximus occurred during phases of ipsilateral foot contact.
The greatest periods of muscle activation in the paraspinal and gluteal muscles occurred at times where vertical forces were high such as BFC, and in the phases near BR where substantial shear forces are present.
The posterior muscles within the lumbopelvic region appear to play a prominent role during the bowling action, specifically when compressive and shear forces are high. Further research is required to substantiate these findings and establish the role of the lumbopelvic muscles in the aetiology of lumbar injury in the cricket fast bowler.
青少年快速投球手容易遭受腰部损伤。许多因素已被确定为促成因素；然而，关于腰骨盆区域的肌肉在稳定脊柱方面起着至关重要的作用，在投球动作过程中如何发挥作用以及这种激活对快速投球手损伤的影响，实证证据有限。
利用表面肌电图测量了35名年龄在12至16岁的板球快速投球手在快速投球动作过程中双侧腰大肌、腰多裂肌、臀中肌和臀大肌的功能。
在所检查的每块肌肉中都出现了两个明显的激活期。竖脊肌和多裂肌平均激活程度最大的时期出现在后脚着地（BFC）附近和球释放后（BR）阶段内。臀中肌和臀大肌平均激活程度最大的时期出现在同侧脚着地阶段。
脊柱旁和臀部肌肉激活程度最大的时期出现在垂直力较高的时刻，如后脚着地时，以及在球释放后附近存在大量剪切力的阶段。
腰骨盆区域的后部肌肉在投球动作中似乎起着重要作用，特别是在压缩力和剪切力较高时。需要进一步的研究来证实这些发现，并确定腰骨盆肌肉在板球快速投球手腰部损伤病因学中的作用。
