School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Murdoch, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia.
Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada.
Sports Med. 2017 Dec;47(12):2603-2619. doi: 10.1007/s40279-017-0778-z.
Adolescent cricket pace bowlers are prone to injury. Recognising the risk factors for non-contact injury in this population will aid future injury prevention strategies.
To identify the risk factors for non-contact injury in adolescent cricket pace bowlers.
We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, PEDro, SPORTDiscus, Embase, and the South African Journal of Sports Medicine to identify all experimental and observational studies reporting risk factors for non-contact injuries in pace bowlers (aged 12-19 years). The search syntax included terms relevant to cricket bowling, injury, and known risk factors for injury. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale and a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale were used to assess the risk of bias in the cohort and cross-sectional studies, respectively.
Sixteen studies (five cross-sectional studies, 11 cohort studies) comprising 687 participants (96% male, 75% playing cricket in Australia) met the selection criteria and were included for qualitative synthesis. Three cross-sectional studies were rated as high risk of bias and two as very high risk of bias. For the cohort studies, three were rated as low risk of bias, and eight as high risk of bias. Injury was associated with bowling biomechanics (excessive lateral trunk flexion and pelvis/hip kinematics), reduced trunk endurance, poor lumbo-pelvic-hip movement control, and early signs of lumbar bone stress. Conflicting results were found by studies examining the mixed technique, bowling workload and quadratus lumborum asymmetry.
The current systematic review identified a number bowling biomechanics and various neuromuscular deficiencies as risk factors for non-contact injury in adolescent pace bowlers. These factors may provide a useful target for future interventional research aiming to prevent injury in this population. Future studies should utilise prospective cohort designs, and ensure that participants are injury-free at baseline, confounding factors are well controlled and attrition rates are reported.
This systematic review was registered a priori (PROSPERO, CRD42016043956).
青少年板球投球手容易受伤。识别该人群中非接触性损伤的危险因素将有助于未来的损伤预防策略。
确定青少年板球投球手中非接触性损伤的危险因素。
我们系统地检索了 PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆、PEDro、SPORTDiscus、Embase 和南非运动医学杂志，以确定所有报告投球手（年龄 12-19 岁）非接触性损伤危险因素的实验和观察性研究。搜索语法包括与板球投球、损伤和已知损伤危险因素相关的术语。纽卡斯尔-渥太华质量评估量表和改良的纽卡斯尔-渥太华质量评估量表分别用于评估队列研究和横断面研究的偏倚风险。
符合选择标准并纳入定性综合分析的研究有 16 项（5 项横断面研究，11 项队列研究），共 687 名参与者（96%为男性，75%在澳大利亚打板球）。有 3 项横断面研究被评为高偏倚风险，2 项被评为极高偏倚风险。对于队列研究，有 3 项被评为低偏倚风险，8 项被评为高偏倚风险。研究发现，与损伤相关的因素有投球生物力学（过度的侧躯干屈曲和骨盆/髋关节运动学）、躯干耐力降低、腰椎骨盆髋关节运动控制能力差和腰椎骨应力早期迹象。研究混合技术、投球工作量和腰方肌不对称性的结果存在冲突。
本系统评价确定了一些投球生物力学和各种神经肌肉缺陷，这些都是青少年投球手非接触性损伤的危险因素。这些因素可能为预防该人群损伤的未来干预性研究提供有用的目标。未来的研究应采用前瞻性队列设计，并确保参与者在基线时无损伤，混杂因素得到很好的控制，以及报告流失率。
本系统评价是预先注册的（PROSPERO，CRD42016043956）。
