Kim Wonyong, Peever Tobin L, Park Jeong-Jin, Park Chung-Min, Gang David R, Xian Ming, Davidson Jenny A, Infantino Alessandro, Kaiser Walter J, Chen Weidong
Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 5;6:20192. doi: 10.1038/srep20192.
Chemotaxonomy and the comparative analysis of metabolic features of fungi have the potential to provide valuable information relating to ecology and evolution, but have not been fully explored in fungal biology. Here, we investigated the chemical diversity of legume-associated Ascochyta and Phoma species and the possible use of a metabolomics approach using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for their classification. The metabolic features of 45 strains including 11 known species isolated from various legumes were extracted, and the datasets were analyzed using chemometrics methods such as principal component and hierarchical clustering analyses. We found a high degree of intra-species consistency in metabolic profiles, but inter-species diversity was high. Molecular phylogenies of the legume-associated Ascochyta/Phoma species were estimated using sequence data from three protein-coding genes and the five major chemical groups that were detected in the hierarchical clustering analysis were mapped to the phylogeny. Clusters based on similarity of metabolic features were largely congruent with the species phylogeny. These results indicated that evolutionarily distinct fungal lineages have diversified their metabolic capacities as they have evolved independently. This whole metabolomics approach may be an effective tool for chemotaxonomy of fungal taxa lacking information on their metabolic content.
真菌的化学分类学以及代谢特征的比较分析有潜力提供与生态和进化相关的有价值信息,但在真菌生物学中尚未得到充分探索。在此,我们研究了与豆科植物相关的壳二孢属和茎点霉属物种的化学多样性,以及使用液相色谱 - 质谱联用的代谢组学方法对其进行分类的可能性。提取了从各种豆科植物中分离出的包括11个已知物种在内的45个菌株的代谢特征,并使用主成分分析和层次聚类分析等化学计量学方法对数据集进行了分析。我们发现代谢谱在种内具有高度一致性,但种间多样性较高。利用来自三个蛋白质编码基因的序列数据估计了与豆科植物相关的壳二孢属/茎点霉属物种的分子系统发育,并将在层次聚类分析中检测到的五个主要化学组映射到系统发育树上。基于代谢特征相似性的聚类在很大程度上与物种系统发育一致。这些结果表明,进化上不同的真菌谱系在独立进化过程中其代谢能力已经多样化。这种整体代谢组学方法可能是对缺乏代谢内容信息的真菌类群进行化学分类的有效工具。