Alzner Reinhard, Bauer Ulrike, Pitzer Stefan, Schreier Maria Magdalena, Osterbrink Jürgen, Iglseder Bernhard
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Salzburger Landeskliniken Betriebs-GesmbH, Christian-Doppler-Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Ignaz Harrer-Straße 79, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
Institute of Nursing Science and Practice, Paracelsus Medical University, Strubergasse 21, 5020, Salzburg, Austria.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 2016 Apr;166(5-6):161-5. doi: 10.1007/s10354-015-0428-8. Epub 2016 Feb 5.
There is little research investigating polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) in connection with cognitive status in residents of Austrian nursing homes. Our findings result from a cross-sectional survey of 425 residents (315 women, 110 men, mean 83.6 years) from 12 Austrian nursing homes. The number of systemically administered permanent prescription drugs was 8.99 ± 3.9 and decreased significantly with increasing cognitive impairment. Irrespective of cognitive status, polypharmacy (> 5 individual substances) was present in approximately 75% of the residents. Hyper-polypharmacy (> 10 individual substances) was present among almost 50% of the cognitively intact residents, and hence, significantly more frequent as compared with the group with the lowest cognitive performance (23.4%). At least one PIM was found in 72.4% of residents regardless of cognitive status. Predominantly, PIMs consisted of tranquilizers, antipsychotics, osmotic laxatives, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and anticholinergics, where only the number of NSAIDs decreased significantly with increasing cognitive impairment. In summary, our study shows a continued high prevalence of polypharmacy and PIM in long-term care institutions in Austria.
关于奥地利养老院居民中多重用药及潜在不适当用药（PIM）与认知状态之间关系的研究较少。我们的研究结果来自对奥地利12家养老院的425名居民（315名女性，110名男性，平均年龄83.6岁）进行的横断面调查。全身给药的长期处方药数量为8.99±3.9种，且随着认知障碍程度的增加而显著减少。无论认知状态如何，约75%的居民存在多重用药（>5种单一药物）情况。认知功能完好的居民中近50%存在超多重用药（>10种单一药物）情况，因此与认知功能最差的组相比（23.4%），超多重用药更为常见。无论认知状态如何，72.4%的居民至少存在一种PIM。PIM主要包括镇静剂、抗精神病药物、渗透性泻药、非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）和抗胆碱能药物，其中只有NSAIDs的数量随着认知障碍程度的增加而显著减少。总之，我们的研究表明奥地利长期护理机构中多重用药和PIM的患病率持续居高不下。
