Srinageshwar Bhairavi, Maiti Panchanan, Dunbar Gary L, Rossignol Julien
Field Neurosciences Institute laboratory for Restorative Neurology at Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Feb 2;17(2):199. doi: 10.3390/ijms17020199.
The main objectives of this review are to survey the current literature on the role of epigenetics in determining the fate of stem cells and to assess how this information can be used to enhance the treatment strategies for some neurodegenerative disorders, like Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Some of these epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation and histone modifications, which have a direct impact on the way that genes are expressed in stem cells and how they drive these cells into a mature lineage. Understanding how the stem cells are behaving and giving rise to mature cells can be used to inform researchers on effective ways to design stem cell-based treatments. In this review article, the way in which the basic understanding of how manipulating this process can be utilized to treat certain neurological diseases will be presented. Different genetic factors and their epigenetic changes during reprogramming of stem cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have significant potential for enhancing the efficacy of cell replacement therapies.
本综述的主要目的是调查当前关于表观遗传学在决定干细胞命运中作用的文献，并评估如何利用这些信息来改进某些神经退行性疾病（如亨廷顿舞蹈症、帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病）的治疗策略。其中一些表观遗传机制包括DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰，它们直接影响基因在干细胞中的表达方式以及驱动这些细胞分化为成熟谱系的方式。了解干细胞的行为方式以及如何产生成熟细胞，有助于研究人员找到设计基于干细胞治疗方法的有效途径。在这篇综述文章中，将介绍如何利用对这一过程的基本理解来治疗某些神经疾病。在将干细胞重编程为诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）的过程中，不同的遗传因素及其表观遗传变化对于提高细胞替代疗法的疗效具有巨大潜力。
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