Femminella Grazia D, Ferrara Nicola, Rengo Giuseppe
Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University Naples, Italy.
"Salvatore Maugeri" Foundation - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico - Scientific Institute of Telese Terme Telese Terme, Italy.
Front Physiol. 2015 Feb 12;6:40. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00040. eCollection 2015.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA which have been shown to regulate gene expression. The alteration ofmiRNAs expression has been associated with several pathological processes, including neurodegeneration. In the search for easily accessible and non-invasive biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis and prognosis, circulating miRNAs are among the most promising candidates. Some of them have been consistently identified as AD-specific miRNAs and their targets also seem implicated in pathophysiological processes underlying AD. Here, we review the emerging role for miRNA in AD, giving an overview on general miRNAs biology, their implications in AD pathophysiology and their potential role as future biomarkers.
微小RNA（miRNA）是一类小型非编码RNA，已被证明可调节基因表达。miRNA表达的改变与包括神经退行性变在内的多种病理过程相关。在寻找用于阿尔茨海默病（AD）诊断和预后的易于获取且非侵入性的生物标志物时，循环miRNA是最有前景的候选者之一。其中一些已被一致鉴定为AD特异性miRNA，其靶标似乎也与AD潜在的病理生理过程有关。在此，我们综述了miRNA在AD中的新兴作用，概述了miRNA的一般生物学特性、它们在AD病理生理学中的意义以及它们作为未来生物标志物的潜在作用。
