Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Concordia College, 901 8th Street South, Moorhead, MN, 56562, USA.
Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Department 2620, PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA.
Appetite. 2016 May 1;100:94-101. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.002. Epub 2016 Feb 2.
Despite the benefits of fruit and vegetable consumption on weight and decreased risk for chronic disease, Americans' intake of fruits and vegetables is well below the recommended daily servings. While previous studies have assessed fruit and vegetable consumption and the influence of educational interventions on fruit and vegetable intake, no studies to date have examined the effects of nutrition education combined with provision of fruits and vegetables on changes in fruit and vegetable consumption among overweight and obese adults. The objectives of this study were to evaluate fruit and vegetable consumption patterns, including intake of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables, provide education about benefits of consuming fruits and vegetables, expose participants to different varieties of fruits and vegetables, and improve fruit and vegetable consumption. Fifty-four adults (19 men/35 women; 44.7 ± 12.1 y) were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups. The control group received no intervention, the education group attended weekly nutrition lessons focused on benefits of fruit and vegetable consumption, and the fruit and vegetable group attended weekly nutrition lessons and received one serving of fruits and two servings of vegetables per day for 10 weeks. Intake of fruits and vegetables was assessed using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires and three-day food records. Findings suggested that while the majority of participants failed to consume the recommended number of servings of fruits and vegetables per day, nutrition education was helpful in improving the consumption frequency of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables among overweight and obese adults.
尽管食用水果和蔬菜对控制体重和降低慢性病风险有好处，但美国人的水果和蔬菜摄入量远低于推荐的每日摄入量。尽管之前的研究已经评估了水果和蔬菜的摄入量以及教育干预对水果和蔬菜摄入量的影响，但迄今为止，尚无研究调查营养教育与提供水果和蔬菜相结合对超重和肥胖成年人的水果和蔬菜摄入量变化的影响。本研究的目的是评估水果和蔬菜的消费模式，包括摄入富含抗氧化剂的水果和蔬菜，提供关于食用水果和蔬菜的好处的教育，让参与者接触不同种类的水果和蔬菜，并改善水果和蔬菜的摄入量。54 名成年人（19 名男性/35 名女性；44.7±12.1 岁）被随机分配到三个干预组中的一个。对照组未接受干预，教育组每周参加一次营养课程，重点是食用水果和蔬菜的好处，而水果和蔬菜组每周参加一次营养课程，并在 10 周内每天摄入一份水果和两份蔬菜。使用半定量食物频率问卷和三天食物记录评估水果和蔬菜的摄入量。研究结果表明，尽管大多数参与者未能每天摄入推荐的水果和蔬菜份数，但营养教育有助于改善超重和肥胖成年人对富含抗氧化剂的水果和蔬菜的消费频率。
