Yuan Zhiqin, Hu Cho-Chun, Chang Huan-Tsung, Lu Chao
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
Department of Applied Science, National Taitung University, Taitung 95002, Taiwan.
Analyst. 2016 Mar 7;141(5):1611-26. doi: 10.1039/c5an02651b.
Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have become one of the most popular materials for sensing of analytes of interest in the last decade, mainly because of their ease in preparation and conjugation, stability, biocompatibility, and size-dependent optical properties. We have witnessed many sensitive and selective Au NP based optical systems for the quantitation of metal ions, anions, proteins, and DNA, based on analyte induced changes in their absorption, fluorescence, and scattering. In this tutorial review, we briefly discuss wet chemical approaches for the preparation of Au NPs. Sensing mechanisms and strategies of Au NP based optical systems are provided to show basic concepts in designing sensitive and selective sensing systems. Strategies for signal amplification applied in Au NP based systems are emphasized for the analysis of trace amounts of analytes in real samples. Many excellent Au NP based optical sensing systems are discussed to highlight their practicality for the analysis of complicated biological and environmental samples. The tutorial review ends with the discussion of the challenges and future trends of Au NP based optical sensing systems.
在过去十年中，金纳米颗粒（Au NPs）已成为用于检测感兴趣分析物的最受欢迎材料之一，主要是因为它们易于制备和共轭、稳定性好、生物相容性佳以及具有尺寸依赖性光学特性。我们已经见证了许多基于金纳米颗粒的灵敏且选择性的光学系统，用于定量分析金属离子、阴离子、蛋白质和DNA，这些系统基于分析物引起的吸收、荧光和散射变化。在本教程综述中，我们简要讨论了制备金纳米颗粒的湿化学方法。介绍了基于金纳米颗粒的光学系统的传感机制和策略，以展示设计灵敏且选择性传感系统的基本概念。强调了用于基于金纳米颗粒系统的信号放大策略，用于分析实际样品中的痕量分析物。讨论了许多出色的基于金纳米颗粒的光学传感系统，以突出它们在分析复杂生物和环境样品方面的实用性。本教程综述最后讨论了基于金纳米颗粒的光学传感系统面临的挑战和未来趋势。
