French Jeffrey A, Carp Sarah B
Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience and Behavior, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE, USA.
Curr Opin Behav Sci. 2016 Feb 1;7:40-46. doi: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2015.11.004.
Most primate species produce offspring that are altricial and highly dependent upon caregivers. As a consequence, a host of developmental trajectories can be dramatically altered by variation in early experiences. We review the impact of early social experiences (in both experimental models and natural contexts) on developmental profiles in three species of nonhuman primates: marmosets, squirrel monkeys, and macaques. Graded exposure to early-life social adversity (ELSA) produces short- to long-term effects on multiple developmental outcomes, including affect, social behavior, cognitive and attentional processes, and in the neural substrates that underlie these sociobehavioral traits.
大多数灵长类物种生育的后代是早产的，并且高度依赖照料者。因此，许多发育轨迹可能会因早期经历的变化而发生显著改变。我们回顾了早期社会经历（在实验模型和自然环境中）对三种非人类灵长类动物（狨猴、松鼠猴和猕猴）发育概况的影响。对早期生活社会逆境（ELSA）的分级暴露会对多种发育结果产生短期到长期的影响，包括情感、社会行为、认知和注意力过程，以及构成这些社会行为特征基础的神经基质。
