Moroz Ekaterina, Albrecht Randy A, Aden Brandon, Beeder Ann Bordwine, Yuan Jianda, García-Sastre Adolfo, Edlin Brian R, Salvatore Mirella
Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, US.
Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, US; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, US.
Vaccine. 2016 Mar 8;34(11):1363-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.01.051. Epub 2016 Feb 6.
Influenza vaccination is recommended for vulnerable individuals, including active drug users, to prevent influenza complications and decrease influenza spread. Recent studies suggest that opioids negatively regulate immune responses in experimental models, but the extent to which opioid use will affect the humoral responses to influenza vaccine in humans is unknown. This information is critical in maximizing vaccination efforts.
To determine whether there is a difference in antibody response after influenza vaccination in heroin or methadone users compared to control subjects.
We studied active heroin users, subjects on methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) and subjects that did not use any drugs before and 1 and 4 weeks after vaccination with trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV). We measured hemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization titers, and we compared geometric mean titers (GMT), and rates of seroprotection and seroconversion for each of the vaccine strains among the 3 groups of subjects.
Heroin users, subjects on MMT and non-user controls mount a similarly robust serologic response to TIV. GMT and rates of seroprotection and seroconversion were not significantly different among groups.
Our results suggest that opioid use do not significantly alter antibody responses to influenza vaccine supporting the vaccination effort in these populations.
建议包括活跃吸毒者在内的易感个体接种流感疫苗，以预防流感并发症并减少流感传播。最近的研究表明，在实验模型中阿片类药物会对免疫反应产生负面调节作用，但阿片类药物的使用对人类流感疫苗体液反应的影响程度尚不清楚。这些信息对于最大限度地发挥疫苗接种效果至关重要。
确定与对照受试者相比，海洛因或美沙酮使用者接种流感疫苗后的抗体反应是否存在差异。
我们研究了活跃的海洛因使用者、接受美沙酮维持治疗（MMT）的受试者以及在接种三价流感疫苗（TIV）之前、之后1周和4周未使用任何药物的受试者。我们测量了血凝抑制和微量中和效价，并比较了三组受试者中每种疫苗株的几何平均效价（GMT）、血清保护率和血清转化率。
海洛因使用者、接受MMT的受试者和未使用药物的对照者对TIV产生了相似的强烈血清学反应。各组之间的GMT、血清保护率和血清转化率没有显著差异。
我们的结果表明，使用阿片类药物不会显著改变对流感疫苗的抗体反应，支持在这些人群中开展疫苗接种工作。
