Heffelfinger James D, Patel Pragna, Brooks John T, Calvet Helene, Daley Charles L, Dean Hazel D, Edlin Brian R, Gensheimer Kathleen F, Jereb John, Kent Charlotte K, Lennox Jeffrey L, Louie Janice K, Lynfield Ruth, Peters Philip J, Pinckney Lauretta, Spradling Philip, Voetsch Andrew C, Fiore Anthony
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Mail Stop: E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2009 Oct;99 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S333-9. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2008.158170.
Among vulnerable populations during an influenza pandemic are persons with or at risk for HIV infection, tuberculosis, or chronic viral hepatitis. HIV-infected persons have higher rates of hospitalization, prolonged illness, and increased mortality from influenza compared with the general population. Persons with tuberculosis and chronic viral hepatitis may also be at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from influenza because of altered immunity and chronic illness. These populations also face social and structural barriers that will be exacerbated by a pandemic. Existing infrastructure should be expanded and pandemic planning should include preparations to reduce the risks for these populations.
在流感大流行期间，弱势群体包括感染艾滋病毒、患结核病或慢性病毒性肝炎或有感染风险的人群。与普通人群相比，艾滋病毒感染者因流感住院的比例更高、患病时间更长且死亡率更高。结核病患者和慢性病毒性肝炎患者也可能因免疫力改变和慢性病而面临更高的流感发病和死亡风险。这些人群还面临社会和结构性障碍，而大流行会使这些障碍更加严重。应扩大现有基础设施，大流行规划应包括降低这些人群风险的准备措施。
