Filippin A Nicolas, Macias-Montero Manuel, Saghi Zineb, Idígoras Jesús, Burdet Pierre, Barranco Angel, Midgley Paul, Anta Juan A, Borras Ana
Nanotechnology on Surfaces Laboratory, ICMS Materials Science Institute of Seville (CSIC-US). C/Americo Vespucio 49, 41092, Seville (Spain).
Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, CB3 0FS, Cambridge (United Kingdom).
Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 10;6:20637. doi: 10.1038/srep20637.
A three-step vacuum procedure for the fabrication of vertical TiO2 and ZnO nanotubes with three dimensional walls is presented. The method combines physical vapor deposition of small-molecules, plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of inorganic functional thin films and layers and a post-annealing process in vacuum in order to remove the organic template. As a result, an ample variety of inorganic nanotubes are made with tunable length, hole dimensions and shapes and tailored wall composition, microstructure, porosity and structure. The fabrication of multishell nanotubes combining different semiconducting oxides and metal nanoparticles is as well explored. This method provides a feasible and reproducible route for the fabrication of high density arrays of vertically alligned nanotubes on processable substrates. The emptying mechanism and microstructure of the nanotubes have been elucidated through SEM, STEM, HAADF-STEM tomography and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. In this article, as a proof of concept, it is presented the straightforward integration of ZnO nanotubes as photoanode in a photovoltaic cell and as a photonic oxygen gas sensor.
本文提出了一种用于制备具有三维壁的垂直TiO₂和ZnO纳米管的三步真空工艺。该方法结合了小分子的物理气相沉积、无机功能薄膜和层的等离子体增强化学气相沉积以及真空后退火工艺，以去除有机模板。结果，制备出了种类丰富的无机纳米管，其长度、孔尺寸和形状可调，壁组成、微观结构、孔隙率和结构可定制。还探索了结合不同半导体氧化物和金属纳米颗粒的多壳纳米管的制备。该方法为在可加工基板上制备高密度垂直排列纳米管阵列提供了一条可行且可重复的途径。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、扫描透射电子显微镜（STEM）、高角度环形暗场扫描透射电子显微镜（HAADF-STEM）断层扫描和能量色散X射线光谱对纳米管的排空机制和微观结构进行了阐明。在本文中，作为概念验证，展示了将ZnO纳米管直接集成到光伏电池中作为光阳极以及作为光子氧气传感器。
