Kassim Sameer S, McGowan Yvonne, McGee Hannah, Whitford David L
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Bahrain, P.O. Box 15503, Adliya, Kingdom of Bahrain.
Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Room 543 Basic Medical Sciences Building, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0J9, Canada.
BMC Med Educ. 2016 Feb 9;16:56. doi: 10.1186/s12909-016-0584-6.
Graduating medical students enter the workforce with substantial medical knowledge and experience, yet little is known about how well they are prepared for the transition to medical practice in diverse settings. We set out to compare perceptions of medical school graduates' career guidance with their perceptions of preparedness to practice as interns. We also set out to compare perceptions of preparedness for hospital practice between graduates from two transnational medical schools.
This was a cross-sectional study. A Preparedness for Hospital Practice (PHPQ) survey and career guidance questionnaire was sent to recent medical graduates, incorporating additional free text responses on career preparation. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and tests of association including Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H tests.
Forty three percent (240/555) of graduates responded to the survey: 39 % of respondents were domestic (Dublin, Ireland or Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain) and interning locally; 15 % were overseas students interning locally; 42 % were overseas students interning internationally and 4 % had not started internship. Two variables explained 13 % of the variation in preparedness for hospital practice score: having planned postgraduate education prior to entering medical school and having helpful career guidance in medical school. Overseas graduates interning internationally were more likely to have planned their postgraduate career path prior to entering medical school. Dublin graduates found their career guidance more helpful than Bahrain counterparts. The most cited shortcomings were lack of structured career advice and lack of advice on the Irish and Bahraini postgraduate systems.
This study has demonstrated that early consideration of postgraduate career preparation and helpful medical school career guidance has a strong association with perceptions of preparedness of medical graduates for hospital practice. In an era of increasing globalization of medical education, these findings can direct ongoing efforts to ensure all medical students receive career guidance and preparation for internship appropriate to their destination.
即将毕业的医学生带着丰富的医学知识和经验步入职场，但对于他们在不同环境中为过渡到医疗实践做好准备的程度，人们了解甚少。我们着手比较医学院毕业生对职业指导的看法与他们对作为实习生执业准备情况的看法。我们还着手比较两所跨国医学院毕业生对医院实习准备情况的看法。
这是一项横断面研究。向近期的医学毕业生发放了一份医院实习准备情况（PHPQ）调查问卷和职业指导问卷，并纳入了关于职业准备的额外自由文本回复。使用描述性统计和关联检验（包括卡方检验、曼-惠特尼U检验和克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯H检验）对数据进行分析。
43%（240/555）的毕业生回复了调查：39%的受访者是本国学生（爱尔兰都柏林或巴林王国麦纳麦）且在当地实习；15%是在当地实习的海外学生；42%是在国际上实习的海外学生，4%尚未开始实习。两个变量解释了医院实习准备情况得分变异的13%：在进入医学院之前就规划了研究生教育，以及在医学院获得了有益的职业指导。在国际上实习的海外毕业生在进入医学院之前更有可能规划了他们的研究生职业道路。都柏林的毕业生比巴林的同行认为他们的职业指导更有帮助。最常提到的缺点是缺乏结构化的职业建议以及缺乏关于爱尔兰和巴林研究生系统的建议。
本研究表明，对研究生职业准备的早期考虑和有益的医学院职业指导与医学毕业生对医院实习准备情况的看法密切相关。在医学教育日益全球化的时代，这些发现可以指导正在进行的努力，以确保所有医学生都能获得适合其目的地的职业指导和实习准备。
