Sheervalilou Roghayeh, Ansarin Khalil, Fekri Aval Sedigheh, Shirvaliloo Sakine, Pilehvar-Soltanahmadi Yones, Mohammadian Mozhdeh, Zarghami Nosratollah
Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Diagn Cytopathol. 2016 May;44(5):442-9. doi: 10.1002/dc.23444. Epub 2016 Feb 11.
Lung cancer is one of the leading cause of cancer mortality in the world. It is well known that genetic damages could result in lung tumor genesis. Despite years of research, the survival rate of the patients has not been markedly improved. According to lack of high sensitivity and specificity in diagnostic tests, just about 15-20% of lung cancer cases are discovered prior to progression of the disease. In last decade, sputum biomarkers have been developed for early detection/diagnosis of lung cancer. MicroRNAs are a class of small endogenous noncoding RNAs, which act as post-transcriptional regulators. Some specific miRNAs can have multifunctions in lung development and their aberrant expression could induce lung tumor genesis. The differences in miRNAs between the normal and cancerous lung lead to emerging of a novel type of biomarkers, which can be helpful in screening of high risk individuals, diagnosis of lung cancer as well as its therapy.
肺癌是全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一。众所周知，基因损伤可能导致肺肿瘤发生。尽管经过多年研究，患者的生存率并未得到显著提高。由于诊断测试缺乏高灵敏度和特异性，只有约15%-20%的肺癌病例在疾病进展之前被发现。在过去十年中，痰液生物标志物已被开发用于肺癌的早期检测/诊断。微小RNA是一类小的内源性非编码RNA，它们作为转录后调节因子发挥作用。一些特定的微小RNA在肺发育中具有多种功能，其异常表达可诱导肺肿瘤发生。正常肺组织和癌性肺组织中微小RNA的差异导致了一种新型生物标志物的出现，这有助于筛查高危个体、诊断肺癌及其治疗。
