Vrinten Charlotte, Wardle Jane, Marlow Laura Av
Cancer Research UK Health Behaviour Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
Br J Cancer. 2016 Mar 1;114(5):597-604. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2016.15. Epub 2016 Feb 11.
Cancer fear and fatalism are believed to be higher in ethnic minorities and may contribute to lower engagement with cancer prevention and early detection. We explored the levels of cancer fear and fatalism in six ethnic groups in the United Kingdom and examined the contribution of acculturation and general fatalism.
A cross-sectional survey of 720 White British, Caribbean, African, Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi women (120 of each) was conducted. Three items assessed cancer fear and two cancer fatalism. Acculturation was assessed using (self-reported) migration status, ability to speak English, and understanding of health leaflets; general fatalism with a standard measure.
Relative to White British women, African and Indian women were more fearful of cancer, Bangladeshi women less fearful, and Pakistani and Caribbean women were similar to White British women. Cancer fatalism was higher in all the ethnic minority groups compared with White British women. Less acculturated women were less likely to worry (ORs 0.21-0.45, all P<0.05) or feel particularly afraid (ORs 0.11-0.31, all P<0.05) but more likely to feel uncomfortable about cancer (ORs 1.97-3.03, all P<0.05). Lower acculturation (ORs 4.30-17.27, P<0.05) and general fatalism (OR 2.29, P<0.05) were associated with the belief that cancer is predetermined.
In general, cancer fear and fatalism are more prevalent among ethnic minority than White British women and even more so in less acculturated ethnic minorities. This may affect their participation in cancer prevention and early detection.
人们认为少数族裔对癌症的恐惧和宿命论程度更高，这可能导致他们较少参与癌症预防和早期检测。我们探究了英国六个族裔群体的癌症恐惧和宿命论水平，并考察了文化适应和一般宿命论的影响。
对720名英国白人、加勒比黑人、非洲黑人、印度人、巴基斯坦人和孟加拉国人女性（每个族裔120人）进行了横断面调查。用三个条目评估癌症恐惧，两个条目评估癌症宿命论。文化适应程度通过（自我报告的）移民身份、英语能力和对健康宣传册的理解来评估；一般宿命论用一个标准量表评估。
与英国白人女性相比，非洲和印度女性更害怕癌症，孟加拉国女性恐惧程度较低，巴基斯坦和加勒比女性与英国白人女性相似。与英国白人女性相比，所有少数族裔群体的癌症宿命论程度更高。文化适应程度较低的女性担心（比值比0.21 - 0.45，均P<0.05）或特别害怕（比值比0.11 - 0.31，均P<0.05）的可能性较小，但对癌症感到不安的可能性较大（比值比1.97 - 3.03，均P<0.05）。文化适应程度较低（比值比4.30 - 17.27，P<0.05）和一般宿命论（比值比2.29，P<0.05）与认为癌症是命中注定的信念相关。
总体而言，少数族裔女性比英国白人女性更普遍存在癌症恐惧和宿命论，在文化适应程度较低的少数族裔中更是如此。这可能会影响她们参与癌症预防和早期检测。
