Falcone Mary, Lee Bridgin, Lerman Caryn, Blendy Julie A
Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Nicotine Addiction, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2016;28:121-50. doi: 10.1007/7854_2015_5005.
Nicotine dependence is a chronic, relapsing disorder with complex biological mechanisms underlying the motivational basis for this behavior. Although more than 70 % of current smokers express a desire to quit, most relapse within one year, underscoring the need for novel treatments. A key focus of translational research models addressing nicotine dependence has been on cross-validation of human and animal models in order to improve the predictive value of medication screening paradigms. In this chapter, we review several lines of research highlighting the utility of cross-validation models in elucidating the biological underpinnings of nicotine reward and reinforcement, identifying factors which may influence individual response to treatment, and facilitating rapid translation of findings to practice.
尼古丁依赖是一种慢性复发性疾病，这种行为的动机基础有着复杂的生物学机制。尽管目前超过70%的吸烟者表示有戒烟意愿，但大多数人在一年内就会复发，这凸显了新型治疗方法的必要性。解决尼古丁依赖的转化研究模型的一个关键重点是对人类和动物模型进行交叉验证，以提高药物筛选范式的预测价值。在本章中，我们回顾了几条研究路线，强调了交叉验证模型在阐明尼古丁奖赏和强化的生物学基础、识别可能影响个体治疗反应的因素以及促进研究结果快速转化为实践方面的效用。
