Hopkins C C
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1989 Dec;3(4):747-62.
The use of "universal blood and body-fluid precautions," or "universal precautions" to prevent the acquisition of blood-borne diseases in health care workers is now widely recommended. Such recommendations are soundly based on a number of biologic, psychologic, and administrative bases. Implementation of the program in an individual hospital is an imposing task, requiring administrative support and skill. A process for establishing initial definitions for the more ambiguous areas, and for administrative and educational support to all levels of care needs to be defined in advance, then put into effect. A wider definition of "universal precautions," which approaches the "Body Substance Isolation" system, is discussed. The use of a "task-classification" system, evaluating the risk inherent in specific tasks, may actually aid both the implementation and the acceptance of such a program.
目前广泛推荐采用“通用血液和体液预防措施”，即“通用预防措施”，以防止医护人员感染血源性疾病。这些建议有充分的生物学、心理学和管理学依据。在一家医院实施该计划是一项艰巨的任务，需要行政支持和技能。需要预先确定一个为更模糊领域建立初始定义的过程，以及为各级护理提供行政和教育支持，然后付诸实施。本文讨论了一种更宽泛的“通用预防措施”定义，它类似于“身体物质隔离”系统。使用“任务分类”系统来评估特定任务中固有的风险，实际上可能有助于该计划的实施和接受。
