Iwashiro Norichika, Koike Shinsuke, Satomura Yoshihiro, Suga Motomu, Nagai Tatsuya, Natsubori Tatsunobu, Tada Mariko, Gonoi Wataru, Takizawa Ryu, Kunimatsu Akira, Yamasue Hidenori, Kasai Kiyoto
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; Office for Mental Health Support, Division for Counseling and Support, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Schizophr Res. 2016 Apr;172(1-3):9-15. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.02.005. Epub 2016 Feb 9.
Recent studies have suggested that functional abnormalities in Broca's area, which is important in language production (speech and thoughts before speech), play an important role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. While multi-modal approaches have proved useful in revealing the specific pathophysiology of psychosis, the association of functional abnormalities with gray matter volume (GMV) here in subjects with an ultra-high risk (UHR) of schizophrenia, those with first-episode schizophrenia (FES), and healthy controls has yet to be clarified. Therefore, the relationship between cortical activity measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during a verbal fluency task, and GMV in the Broca's area assessed using a manual tracing in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which considers individual structural variation, was examined for 57 subjects (23 UHR/18 FES/16 controls). The UHR and FES group showed significantly reduced brain activity compared to control group in the left pars triangularis (PT) (P=.036, .003, respectively). Furthermore in the FES group, the reduced brain activity significantly positively correlated with the volume in the left PT (B=0.29, P=.027), while significant negative association was evident for all subjects (B=-0.18, P=.010). This correlation remained significant after adjusting for antipsychotics dosage, and voxel-wise analysis could not detect any significant correlation between impaired cortical activity and volume. The significant relationship between neural activity and GMV in the left PT may reflect a specific pathophysiology related to the onset of schizophrenia.
近期研究表明，在语言产生（言语及言语前的思维）中起重要作用的布洛卡区功能异常，在精神分裂症的病理生理学中扮演重要角色。虽然多模态方法已被证明有助于揭示精神病的具体病理生理学，但在超高风险（UHR）精神分裂症患者、首发精神分裂症（FES）患者及健康对照者中，功能异常与灰质体积（GMV）之间的关联尚待阐明。因此，对57名受试者（23名UHR/18名FES/16名对照）进行了研究，检测在言语流畅性任务期间使用功能近红外光谱（fNIRS）测量的皮质活动与在磁共振成像（MRI）中使用手动追踪评估的布洛卡区GMV之间的关系，该方法考虑了个体结构变异。与对照组相比，UHR组和FES组在左侧三角部（PT）的脑活动显著降低（分别为P = 0.036和0.003）。此外，在FES组中，脑活动降低与左侧PT的体积显著正相关（B = 0.29，P = 0.027），而在所有受试者中均存在显著负相关（B = -0.18，P = 0.010）。在调整抗精神病药物剂量后，这种相关性仍然显著，并且体素分析未检测到皮质活动受损与体积之间的任何显著相关性。左侧PT中神经活动与GMV之间的显著关系可能反映了与精神分裂症发病相关的特定病理生理学。
