Kaán Miklós
Orvostort Kozl. 2015;61(1-4):137-52.
Use of matierials of animal or human origin in dentistry (and generally in medicine) these days is regarded as an unusal way of intervention. However in earlier times, different tissues, parts, products and organs of animals were frequently used in healing. Some of these methods were rooted in magical thinking. As analogical treatments--based on similarity or analogy--e.g. powder of horn or teeth of pike was used for the treatment of decayed teeth and different worms, maggots, veenies were applied against "toothworm". By difficult eruption of primary teeth bone marrow or brain mixed with cockridge-blood and goatmilk was a widely used medicine. Butter and honey were able to help the growing of teeth, as well. Parts of frog (fe: flippers) were also components of curing materials. Egg as the symbol of life was often an ingredient of medicaments. For the treatment of inflamed gum different animal materials were used, like chin and teeth of wolf, pike, crayfish, milk, honey, human saliva etc. Animal or human stools, mucks (containing enzymes) did one's bit in healing of oral and dental illnesses and were applied as fomentation or swathing. Placing a leech on the inflamed face was a common procedure in the past even as the use of earwax in lipnook. In our days tissues, parts or products of animals (or human beings) usually never allowed to get into contact with the body of patients. It's a much safer routine, at the same time however a precious traditional knowledge vanishes forever.
如今，在牙科（一般在医学领域）使用动物或人类来源的材料被视为一种不寻常的干预方式。然而在早期，动物的不同组织、部位、产品和器官经常被用于治疗。其中一些方法源于魔法思维。作为类比疗法——基于相似性或类推——例如，用犀牛角粉或狗鱼牙齿粉末治疗龋齿，用不同的蠕虫、蛆虫、静脉来对付“牙虫”。对于乳牙萌出困难，骨髓或脑与鸡冠血和羊奶混合是一种广泛使用的药物。黄油和蜂蜜也有助于牙齿生长。青蛙的部分（如：蹼）也是治疗材料的成分。鸡蛋作为生命的象征常常是药物的一种成分。为了治疗牙龈发炎，人们使用了不同的动物材料，如狼、狗鱼、小龙虾的下巴和牙齿、牛奶、蜂蜜、人类唾液等。动物或人类的粪便、排泄物（含有酶）在口腔和牙齿疾病的治疗中发挥了作用，并被用作热敷或包扎。过去，在发炎的面部放置水蛭是一种常见的做法，在唇沟使用耳垢也是如此。在我们这个时代，动物（或人类）的组织、部位或产品通常绝不允许与患者身体接触。这是一种更安全的常规做法，但与此同时，宝贵的传统知识也永远消失了。
