Department of Radiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan; Department of Clinical and Experimental Neuroimaging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan.
Department of Radiology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan.
Ageing Res Rev. 2016 Sep;30:73-84. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.02.003. Epub 2016 Feb 11.
The purpose of this article is to present a selective and concise summary of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in dementia imaging. FDG PET is used to visualize a downstream topographical marker that indicates the distribution of neural injury or synaptic dysfunction, and can identify distinct phenotypes of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD), Lewy bodies, and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. AD dementia shows hypometabolism in the parietotemporal association area, posterior cingulate, and precuneus. Hypometabolism in the inferior parietal lobe and posterior cingulate/precuneus is a predictor of cognitive decline from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD dementia. FDG PET may also predict conversion of cognitively normal individuals to those with MCI. Age-related hypometabolism is observed mainly in the anterior cingulate and anterior temporal lobe, along with regional atrophy. Voxel-based statistical analyses, such as statistical parametric mapping or three-dimensional stereotactic surface projection, improve the diagnostic performance of imaging of dementias. The potential of FDG PET in future clinical and methodological studies should be exploited further.
本文旨在对氟脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）正电子发射断层扫描（PET）在痴呆成像中的应用进行选择性和简明的综述。FDG PET 用于可视化指示神经损伤或突触功能障碍分布的下游拓扑标志物，并可因阿尔茨海默病（AD）、路易体和额颞叶变性而识别出不同的痴呆表型。AD 痴呆症表现为顶颞联合区、后扣带回和楔前叶的代谢低下。下顶叶和后扣带回/楔前叶的代谢低下是从轻度认知障碍（MCI）到 AD 痴呆症认知下降的预测指标。FDG PET 也可预测认知正常个体向 MCI 的转变。与年龄相关的代谢低下主要发生在前扣带回和前颞叶，同时伴有区域性萎缩。基于体素的统计分析，如统计参数映射或三维立体定向表面投影，可提高痴呆症影像学的诊断性能。应进一步挖掘 FDG PET 在未来临床和方法学研究中的潜力。
