Brittlebank Andrew, Hermans Marc, Bhugra Dinesh, Pinto da Costa Mariana, Rojnic-Kuzman Martina, Fiorillo Andrea, Kurimay Tamas, Hanon Cecile, Wasserman Danuta, van der Gaag Rutger Jan
Cumbria Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Cumbria, UK.
Royal College of Psychiatrists, London, UK.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2016 Mar;266(2):155-64. doi: 10.1007/s00406-016-0679-4. Epub 2016 Feb 15.
Psychiatry is the largest medical specialty in Europe. Despite efforts to bring harmonisation, training in psychiatry in Europe continues to be very diverse. The Union Européenne des Médecins Spécialistes (UEMS) has issued as from 2000 a charter of requirements for the training in psychiatry with an additional European Framework for Competencies in Psychiatry in 2009. Yet these have not been implemented throughout Europe. In this paper, the diversity in training throughout Europe is approached from different angles: the cultural differences between countries with regards to how mental health care is considered and founded on, the cultural differences between people throughout Europe in all states. The position of psychotherapy is emphasised. What once was the cornerstone of psychiatry as medical specialty seems to have become a neglected area. Seeing the patient with mental health problems within his cultural context is important, but considering him within his family context. The purpose of any training is enabling the trainee to gain the knowledge and acquire the competencies necessary to become a well-equipped professional is the subject of the last paragraph in which trainees consider their position and early career psychiatrists look back to see whether what they were trained in matches with what they need in the working situation. Common standard for training and certification are a necessity within Europe, for the benefit of the profession of psychiatrist but also for patient safety. UEMS is advised to join forces with the Council of National Psychiatric Associations (NPAs) within the EPA and trainings and early career psychiatrist, to discuss with the users what standards should be implemented in all European countries and how a European board examination could ensure professional quality of psychiatrists throughout the continent.
精神病学是欧洲最大的医学专业。尽管为实现协调一致做出了努力,但欧洲的精神病学培训仍然非常多样化。欧洲医学专家联盟(UEMS)自2000年起发布了精神病学培训要求宪章,并于2009年发布了额外的欧洲精神病学能力框架。然而,这些要求在欧洲并未得到全面实施。在本文中,从不同角度探讨了欧洲培训的多样性:各国在心理健康护理的认知和基础方面的文化差异,以及欧洲所有国家人民之间的文化差异。强调了心理治疗的地位。曾经作为医学专业的精神病学基石似乎已成为一个被忽视的领域。在其文化背景中看待有心理健康问题的患者很重要,但也要在其家庭背景中考虑他。任何培训的目的都是使受训者获得知识并具备成为一名装备精良的专业人员所需的能力,这是最后一段的主题,其中受训者思考自己的立场,早期职业精神科医生回顾所接受的培训是否与工作中的需求相匹配。欧洲需要统一的培训和认证标准,这不仅有利于精神科医生职业,也有利于患者安全。建议UEMS与欧洲精神病学协会(EPA)内的国家精神病学协会理事会(NPAs)合作,对培训人员和早期职业精神科医生进行培训,与用户讨论在所有欧洲国家应实施哪些标准,以及欧洲委员会考试如何确保整个欧洲大陆精神科医生的专业素质。