Love Susan M, Sanders Matthew R, Turner Karen M T, Maurange Marianne, Knott Theresa, Prinz Ronald, Metzler Carol, Ainsworth Andrew T
California State University, Northridge, CA, USA.
The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Child Abuse Negl. 2016 Mar;53:95-107. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.10.031. Epub 2016 Feb 12.
The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility (accessibility, engagement and impact) of adding social media and gaming features (e.g., social sharing with anonymity, badges to incentivize skills practice, an accredited facilitator for support) and access via smartphones to an evidenced-based parenting program, Triple P Online. The highly vulnerable population included 155 disadvantaged, high-risk parents (e.g., 76% had a family annual income of less than $15,000; 41% had been incarcerated; 38% were in drug/alcohol treatment; and 24% had had a child removed due to maltreatment). The ethnic groups most commonly identified were African American (24%) and Hispanic (66%). Respondents were primarily mothers (86%) from five community programs in Los Angeles. The study used a single group repeated measures design (pre, post, 6-month follow-up). Data collected included standardized self-report measures, post-intervention focus groups and interviews, website usage reports, and Google Analytics. Significant multivariate ANOVA time effects were found, demonstrating reductions in child behavioral problems, reduced lax/permissive and over-reactive parenting, and decreased parental stress. No effects were found for parental confidence, attributions, or depression and anxiety (which were in the normal range at baseline). Positive effects were maintained or improved at 6-month follow-up. The participants engaged in the online community and valued its flexibility, anonymity, and shared learning. This foundational implementation trial provides support for future rigorous evaluation of social media and gaming features as a medium for increasing parental engagement in evidence-based parenting programs online--a public health approach to protect and improve the development of vulnerable children.
本研究的目的是检验将社交媒体和游戏功能（例如匿名社交分享、激励技能练习的徽章、提供支持的认证辅导员）以及通过智能手机访问循证育儿项目“三倍 P 在线”的可行性（可及性、参与度和影响）。该高度脆弱群体包括 155 名处境不利的高风险父母（例如，76%的家庭年收入低于 15,000 美元；41%曾被监禁；38%正在接受药物/酒精治疗；24%因虐待行为导致孩子被带走）。最常见的种族群体是非洲裔美国人（24%）和西班牙裔（66%）。受访者主要是来自洛杉矶五个社区项目的母亲（86%）。该研究采用单组重复测量设计（干预前、干预后、6 个月随访）。收集的数据包括标准化的自我报告测量、干预后焦点小组和访谈、网站使用报告以及谷歌分析。发现了显著的多变量方差分析时间效应，表明儿童行为问题减少、宽松/放任和过度反应的育儿方式减少以及父母压力降低。在父母信心、归因或抑郁及焦虑方面未发现影响（这些在基线时处于正常范围）。在 6 个月随访时积极效果得以维持或改善。参与者参与了在线社区，并重视其灵活性、匿名性和共享学习。这项基础实施试验为未来严格评估社交媒体和游戏功能作为增加父母对在线循证育儿项目参与度的媒介提供了支持——这是一种保护和促进弱势儿童发展的公共卫生方法。
