Song Bing, Jiang Wenkai, Alraies Amr, Liu Qian, Gudla Vijay, Oni Julia, Wei Xiaoqing, Sloan Alastair, Ni Longxing, Agarwal Meena
School of Dentistry, Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XY, UK; State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710032, China.
School of Dentistry, Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XY, UK.
Stem Cells Int. 2016;2016:6979368. doi: 10.1155/2016/6979368. Epub 2016 Jan 6.
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are multipotent cells capable of differentiating into multiple cell lines, thus providing an alternative source of cell for tissue engineering. Smooth muscle cell (SMC) regeneration is a crucial step in tissue engineering of the urinary bladder. It is known that DPSCs have the potential to differentiate into a smooth muscle phenotype in vitro with differentiation agents. However, most of these studies are focused on the vascular SMCs. The optimal approaches to induce human DPSCs to differentiate into bladder SMCs are still under investigation. We demonstrate in this study the ability of human DPSCs to differentiate into bladder SMCs in a growth environment containing bladder SMCs-conditioned medium with the addition of the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). After 14 days of exposure to this medium, the gene and protein expression of SMC-specific marker (α-SMA, desmin, and calponin) increased over time. In particular, myosin was present in differentiated cells after 11 days of induction, which indicated that the cells differentiated into the mature SMCs. These data suggested that human DPSCs could be used as an alternative and less invasive source of stem cells for smooth muscle regeneration, a technology that has applications for bladder tissue engineering.
牙髓干细胞（DPSCs）是能够分化为多种细胞系的多能细胞，因此为组织工程提供了一种替代性的细胞来源。平滑肌细胞（SMC）再生是膀胱组织工程中的关键步骤。已知DPSCs在体外使用分化剂时有分化为平滑肌表型的潜力。然而，这些研究大多集中于血管平滑肌细胞。诱导人DPSCs分化为膀胱SMC的最佳方法仍在研究中。在本研究中，我们证明了在含有膀胱SMC条件培养基并添加转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）的生长环境中，人DPSCs分化为膀胱SMC的能力。在暴露于这种培养基14天后，SMC特异性标志物（α-平滑肌肌动蛋白、结蛋白和钙调蛋白）的基因和蛋白表达随时间增加。特别是，诱导11天后分化细胞中出现了肌球蛋白，这表明细胞已分化为成熟的SMC。这些数据表明，人DPSCs可作为平滑肌再生的一种替代性且侵入性较小的干细胞来源，这项技术可应用于膀胱组织工程。
