暴露于产前和围产期风险因素部分解释了不同种族间自我调节能力的平均差异。
Exposure to Pre- and Perinatal Risk Factors Partially Explains Mean Differences in Self-Regulation between Races.
作者信息
Barnes J C, Boutwell Brian B, Miller J Mitchell, DeShay Rashaan A, Beaver Kevin M, White Norman
机构信息
School of Criminal Justice, The University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America.
Criminology & Criminal Justice, School of Social Work, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States of America.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2016 Feb 16;11(2):e0141954. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141954. eCollection 2016.
OBJECTIVES
To examine whether differential exposure to pre- and perinatal risk factors explained differences in levels of self-regulation between children of different races (White, Black, Hispanic, Asian, and Other).
METHODS
Multiple regression models based on data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort (n ≈ 9,850) were used to analyze the impact of pre- and perinatal risk factors on the development of self-regulation at age 2 years.
RESULTS
Racial differences in levels of self-regulation were observed. Racial differences were also observed for 9 of the 12 pre-/perinatal risk factors. Multiple regression analyses revealed that a portion of the racial differences in self-regulation was explained by differential exposure to several of the pre-/perinatal risk factors. Specifically, maternal age at childbirth, gestational timing, and the family's socioeconomic status were significantly related to the child's level of self-regulation. These factors accounted for a statistically significant portion of the racial differences observed in self-regulation.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings indicate racial differences in self-regulation may be, at least partially, explained by racial differences in exposure to pre- and perinatal risk factors.
目的
研究孕期及围产期风险因素的差异暴露是否能解释不同种族（白人、黑人、西班牙裔、亚裔及其他）儿童自我调节水平的差异。
方法
基于儿童早期纵向研究出生队列（n≈9850）的数据构建多元回归模型，以分析孕期及围产期风险因素对2岁儿童自我调节能力发展的影响。
结果
观察到自我调节水平存在种族差异。在12个孕期/围产期风险因素中，有9个也存在种族差异。多元回归分析显示，自我调节方面的部分种族差异可由孕期/围产期风险因素的差异暴露来解释。具体而言，产妇分娩年龄、孕周以及家庭社会经济地位与儿童的自我调节水平显著相关。这些因素在自我调节方面观察到的种族差异中占了具有统计学意义的一部分。
结论
研究结果表明，自我调节方面的种族差异可能至少部分是由孕期及围产期风险因素暴露的种族差异所导致的。
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