Aliyeva-Schnorr Lala, Stein Nils, Houben Andreas
Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben, 06466, Stadt Seeland, Germany.
Chromosome Res. 2016 May;24(2):231-42. doi: 10.1007/s10577-016-9518-8. Epub 2016 Feb 16.
Crop wild relatives are considered as important genetic resources of allelic diversity for domesticated crop species. Their utilization in breeding programs, however, is often limited due to crossing barriers and genome incompatibilities. Wild relatives of barley possess attractive properties and hence allelic diversity for adapting barley better to changing environmental conditions. Therefore, gaining a better knowledge about genomic synteny between cultivated barley and wild relatives of the same genus is an important task. To visualize genomic collinearity in related species, 22 genomic single-copy and 14 complementary DNA (cDNA) chromosome 3H-specific probes were mapped to the chromosomes of Hordeum bulbosum, Hordeum marinum, Hordeum pubiflorum, Hordeum murinum, and Secale cereale by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Most probes showed reliable signals confirming homoeology between cultivated barley and related species. Differences in order and position of FISH markers demonstrated sequence movements or small-scale chromosomal rearrangements within genus Hordeum and confirmed interchromosomal rearrangements between barley and rye. Comparison between repeat-free genomic and cDNA probes showed that gene-containing single-copy genomic DNA (gDNA) probes are performing more reliably for FISH-based analysis of synteny.
作物野生近缘种被视为驯化作物物种等位基因多样性的重要遗传资源。然而,由于杂交障碍和基因组不兼容性,它们在育种计划中的利用往往受到限制。大麦的野生近缘种具有吸引人的特性,因此具有等位基因多样性,能使大麦更好地适应不断变化的环境条件。因此,更深入了解栽培大麦与其同属野生近缘种之间的基因组共线性是一项重要任务。为了可视化相关物种中的基因组共线性,通过荧光原位杂交(FISH)将22个基因组单拷贝和14个互补DNA(cDNA)3H染色体特异性探针定位到球茎大麦、海大麦、毛花大麦、鼠大麦和黑麦的染色体上。大多数探针显示出可靠的信号,证实了栽培大麦与相关物种之间的同源性。FISH标记顺序和位置的差异表明大麦属内存在序列移动或小规模染色体重排,并证实了大麦和黑麦之间的染色体间重排。无重复基因组探针和cDNA探针的比较表明,含基因的单拷贝基因组DNA(gDNA)探针在基于FISH的共线性分析中表现得更可靠。