Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics; Vanderbilt Vaccine Research Program, Nashville, Tennessee.
Department of Pediatrics , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pennsylvania.
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2016 Jan 13;3(1):ofw001. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofw001. eCollection 2016 Jan.
Background. Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are frequently detected in children with acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) but also in asymptomatic children. We compared features of ARI with HRV species (A, B, C) and determined genotypes associated with repeated HRV detections within individuals. Methods. We used clinical data and respiratory samples obtained from children <3 years old during weekly active household-based surveillance. A random subset of samples in which HRV was detected from individuals during both ARI and an asymptomatic period within 120 days of the ARI were genotyped. Features of ARI were compared among HRV species. Concordance of genotype among repeated HRV detections within individuals was assessed. Results. Among 207 ARI samples sequenced, HRV-A, HRV-B, and HRV-C were detected in 104 (50%), 20 (10%), and 83 (40%), respectively. Presence of fever, decreased appetite, and malaise were significantly higher in children with HRV-B. When codetections with other viruses were excluded (n = 155), these trends persisted, but some did not reach statistical significance. When 58 paired sequential HRV detections during asymptomatic and ARI episodes were sequenced, only 9 (16%) were identical genotypes of HRV. Conclusions. Clinical features may differ among HRV species. Repeated HRV detections in young children frequently represented acquisition of new HRV strains.
人鼻病毒（HRV）常在急性呼吸道疾病（ARI）患儿中检测到，也在无症状患儿中检测到。我们比较了ARI 与 HRV 种（A、B、C）的特征，并确定了与个体中重复 HRV 检测相关的基因型。
我们使用了从 3 岁以下儿童中每周进行的主动家庭监测获得的临床数据和呼吸道样本。对个体在 ARI 期间和 ARI 后 120 天内无症状期间均检测到 HRV 的样本子集进行了基因分型。比较了不同 HRV 种的 ARI 特征。评估了个体中重复 HRV 检测中基因型的一致性。
在 207 个测序的 ARI 样本中，分别检测到 HRV-A、HRV-B 和 HRV-C 为 104 例（50%）、20 例（10%）和 83 例（40%）。患有 HRV-B 的儿童发烧、食欲减退和不适的发生率明显更高。当排除与其他病毒的共同检测（n=155）时，这些趋势仍然存在，但有些并未达到统计学意义。当对无症状和 ARI 发作期间的 58 对连续 HRV 检测进行测序时，只有 9 例（16%）是相同的 HRV 基因型。
临床特征可能因 HRV 种而异。年幼儿童中重复的 HRV 检测常代表新的 HRV 株的获得。
