Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
Center for Applied Genetic Technologies, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Nat Genet. 2016 Apr;48(4):438-46. doi: 10.1038/ng.3517. Epub 2016 Feb 22.
Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an allotetraploid with closely related subgenomes of a total size of ∼2.7 Gb. This makes the assembly of chromosomal pseudomolecules very challenging. As a foundation to understanding the genome of cultivated peanut, we report the genome sequences of its diploid ancestors (Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis). We show that these genomes are similar to cultivated peanut's A and B subgenomes and use them to identify candidate disease resistance genes, to guide tetraploid transcript assemblies and to detect genetic exchange between cultivated peanut's subgenomes. On the basis of remarkably high DNA identity of the A. ipaensis genome and the B subgenome of cultivated peanut and biogeographic evidence, we conclude that A. ipaensis may be a direct descendant of the same population that contributed the B subgenome to cultivated peanut.
栽培落花生（Arachis hypogaea）是一个异源四倍体，其近缘的亚基因组总大小约为 2.7 Gb。这使得染色体拟等位基因的组装极具挑战性。作为理解栽培落花生基因组的基础，我们报告了其二倍体祖先（Arachis duranensis 和 Arachis ipaensis）的基因组序列。我们表明，这些基因组与栽培落花生的 A 和 B 亚基因组相似，并利用它们来鉴定候选的抗病基因，指导四倍体转录本的组装，并检测栽培落花生亚基因组之间的遗传交换。基于 A. ipaensis 基因组与栽培落花生 B 亚基因组之间极高的 DNA 同一性和生物地理证据，我们得出结论，A. ipaensis 可能是为栽培落花生的 B 亚基因组做出贡献的同一群体的直接后代。
