Ren Jin, Li Bo, Yu Dan, Liu Jing, Ma Zhongsen
1 Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China ; 2 Department of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jilin Provincial Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Changchun 130000, China ; 3 Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China.
J Thorac Dis. 2016 Jan;8(1):E1-7. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.11.61.
Haze weather is becoming one of the biggest problems in many big cities in China. It triggers both public anxiety and official concerns. Particulate matter (PM) plays the most important role in causing the adverse health effects. Chemical composition of PM2.5 includes primary particles and secondary particles. The toxicological mechanisms of PM2.5 to the human body include the oxidative stress, inflammation and carcinogenesis. Short or long-term exposure to PM (especially PM2.5) can cause a series of symptoms including respiratory symptoms such as cough, wheezing and dyspnea as well as other symptoms. There are positive associations between PM2.5 and mortality due to a number of causes. PM2.5 is considered to contribute to the onset of asthma, the exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in haze weather. Some approaches including outdoor health care, indoor health care and preventive medications can prevent the patients with chronic airway diseases from exacerbations.
雾霾天气正成为中国许多大城市面临的最大问题之一。它引发了公众的焦虑和官方的关注。颗粒物（PM）在造成不良健康影响方面起着最重要的作用。PM2.5的化学成分包括一次颗粒物和二次颗粒物。PM2.5对人体的毒理学机制包括氧化应激、炎症和致癌作用。短期或长期接触PM（尤其是PM2.5）会导致一系列症状，包括咳嗽、喘息和呼吸困难等呼吸道症状以及其他症状。PM2.5与多种原因导致的死亡率之间存在正相关。PM2.5被认为会导致哮喘的发作、雾霾天气中慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的加重。一些方法，包括户外保健、室内保健和预防性药物治疗，可以防止慢性气道疾病患者病情加重。
