Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad (Langebio), Unidad de Genómica Avanzada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Irapuato, Guanajuato 36821, Mexico; email:
PhytoSYSTEMS, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; email:
Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2016 Apr 29;67:619-42. doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-043015-111848. Epub 2016 Feb 22.
The plant root system traverses one of the most complex environments on earth. Understanding how roots support plant life on land requires knowing how soil properties affect the availability of nutrients and water and how roots manipulate the soil environment to optimize acquisition of these resources. Imaging of roots in soil allows the integrated analysis and modeling of environmental interactions occurring at micro- to macroscales. Advances in phenotyping of root systems is driving innovation in cross-platform-compatible methods for data analysis. Root systems acclimate to the environment through architectural changes that act at the root-type level as well as through tissue-specific changes that affect the metabolic needs of the root and the efficiency of nutrient uptake. A molecular understanding of the signaling mechanisms that guide local and systemic signaling is providing insight into the regulatory logic of environmental responses and has identified points where crosstalk between pathways occurs.
植物根系穿越着地球上最复杂的环境之一。要了解根系如何支持陆地植物的生命，就需要知道土壤特性如何影响养分和水的可利用性，以及根系如何操纵土壤环境以优化这些资源的获取。在土壤中对根系进行成像可以实现微观到宏观尺度上环境相互作用的综合分析和建模。根系表型分析的进展正在推动跨平台兼容数据分析方法的创新。根系通过在根系类型水平上发生的结构变化以及通过影响根的代谢需求和养分吸收效率的组织特异性变化来适应环境。对引导局部和系统信号的信号机制的分子理解为环境响应的调控逻辑提供了深入了解，并确定了途径之间发生串扰的点。
