Contreras-Cornejo Hexon Angel, Macías-Rodríguez Lourdes, del-Val Ek, Larsen John
Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Ex-Hacienda de San José de La Huerta, CP 58190 Morelia, Michoacán, México
Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Gral. Francisco J. Mujica S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 58030 Morelia, Michoacán, México.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2016 Apr;92(4):fiw036. doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiw036. Epub 2016 Feb 22.
Trichodermaspp. are common soil and root inhabitants that have been widely studied due to their capacity to produce antibiotics, parasitize other fungi and compete with deleterious plant microorganisms. These fungi produce a number of secondary metabolites such as non-ribosomal peptides, terpenoids, pyrones and indolic-derived compounds. In the rhizosphere, the exchange and recognition of signaling molecules byTrichodermaand plants may alter physiological and biochemical aspects in both. For example, severalTrichodermastrains induce root branching and increase shoot biomass as a consequence of cell division, expansion and differentiation by the presence of fungal auxin-like compounds. Furthermore,Trichoderma, in association with plant roots, can trigger systemic resistance and improve plant nutrient uptake. The present review describes the most recent advances in understanding the ecological functions ofTrichodermaspp. in the rhizosphere at biochemical and molecular levels with special emphasis on their associations with plants. Finally, through a synthesis of the current body of work, we present potential future research directions on studies related toTrichodermaspp. and their secondary metabolites in agroecosystems.
木霉菌是常见的土壤和根系微生物，因其具有产生抗生素、寄生其他真菌以及与有害植物微生物竞争的能力而受到广泛研究。这些真菌能产生多种次生代谢产物，如非核糖体肽、萜类化合物、吡喃酮和吲哚衍生化合物。在根际环境中，木霉菌与植物之间信号分子的交换和识别可能会改变双方的生理和生化特性。例如，一些木霉菌株由于存在真菌生长素样化合物，通过细胞分裂、扩展和分化，诱导根系分支并增加地上部生物量。此外，木霉菌与植物根系结合，可引发系统抗性并改善植物对养分的吸收。本综述描述了在生化和分子水平上理解木霉菌在根际生态功能方面的最新进展，特别强调了它们与植物的相互关系。最后，通过综合当前的研究成果，我们提出了关于木霉菌及其次生代谢产物在农业生态系统中相关研究未来可能的方向。
