Area Gene Technology and Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Austria.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011 Sep 16;9(10):749-59. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2637.
Trichoderma is a genus of common filamentous fungi that display a remarkable range of lifestyles and interactions with other fungi, animals and plants. Because of their ability to antagonize plant-pathogenic fungi and to stimulate plant growth and defence responses, some Trichoderma strains are used for biological control of plant diseases. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in molecular ecology and genomics which indicate that the interactions of Trichoderma spp. with animals and plants may have evolved as a result of saprotrophy on fungal biomass (mycotrophy) and various forms of parasitism on other fungi (mycoparasitism), combined with broad environmental opportunism.
木霉是一种常见的丝状真菌属，具有广泛的生活方式和与其他真菌、动物和植物的相互作用。由于其能够拮抗植物病原真菌并刺激植物生长和防御反应，一些木霉菌株被用于植物病害的生物防治。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了分子生态学和基因组学的最新进展，这些进展表明，木霉属与动物和植物的相互作用可能是由于对真菌生物量的腐生作用（菌食性）和对其他真菌的各种形式的寄生作用（菌寄生），以及广泛的环境机会主义而进化的。
