Antunes H, Precioso J, Araújo A C, Machado J C, Samorinha C, Rocha V, Gaspar Â, Becoña E, Belo-Ravara S, Vitória P, Rosas M, Fernandez E
Pediatric Department, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal.
Institute of Education, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
Rev Port Pneumol (2006). 2016 Jul-Aug;22(4):190-5. doi: 10.1016/j.rppnen.2015.12.009. Epub 2016 Feb 19.
To compare secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) prevalence at home and inside the car between asthmatic and non-asthmatic Portuguese children.
This is a cross-sectional study that assessed children's SHSe in a representative sample of nine Portuguese cities. A validated self-reported questionnaire was administered to a random sample of 4th grade students during the school year of 2010/2011. The asthma prevalence was defined by the answers to three questions regarding asthma symptoms, medication and inhaler use. We performed chi-square tests and analysed frequencies, contingency tables, confidence intervals, and odd-ratios.
The self-reported questionnaire was administered to 3187 students. Asthma prevalence was 14.8% (472 students). Results showed that 32.3% of non-asthmatic children and 32.4% of asthmatic children were exposed to secondhand smoke as at least one of their household members smoked at home. The prevalence of parental smoking, smoking among fathers and smoking among mothers at home was also similar in both groups (asthmatic and non-asthmatic children). SHSe inside the car was 18.6% among non-asthmatic children and 17.9% among asthmatic children.
Asthmatic and non-asthmatic children were equally exposed to secondhand smoke, because no significant differences were found between the two groups concerning the prevalence of SHSe at home and inside the car. These findings highlight the need to include SHSe brief advice in paediatric asthma management.
比较葡萄牙哮喘儿童与非哮喘儿童在家中和车内的二手烟暴露（SHSe）患病率。
这是一项横断面研究，评估了葡萄牙9个城市的代表性样本中儿童的SHSe情况。在2010/2011学年，对四年级学生的随机样本发放了一份经过验证的自填式问卷。哮喘患病率由关于哮喘症状、药物治疗和吸入器使用的三个问题的答案来定义。我们进行了卡方检验，并分析了频率、列联表、置信区间和比值比。
共对3187名学生发放了自填式问卷。哮喘患病率为14.8%（472名学生）。结果显示，由于至少有一名家庭成员在家吸烟，32.3%的非哮喘儿童和32.4%的哮喘儿童暴露于二手烟环境。两组（哮喘儿童和非哮喘儿童）在家中父母吸烟、父亲吸烟和母亲吸烟的患病率也相似。非哮喘儿童车内二手烟暴露率为18.6%，哮喘儿童为17.9%。
哮喘儿童和非哮喘儿童二手烟暴露情况相同，因为两组在家中和车内二手烟暴露患病率方面未发现显著差异。这些发现凸显了在儿童哮喘管理中纳入二手烟暴露简短建议的必要性。
