Burykh M P, Akimov A B, Stepanov E P
Arkh Anat Gistol Embriol. 1989 Sep;97(9):82-7.
Anatomical and echographic data have been compared in 35 mature human kidneys. Ultrasound anatomy of the kidney has been verified. It has been stated that the central part of the renal echogram is occupied by the zone of intensive echosignals, that corresponds not to the calyceal complex, as it had been considered previously, but to the renal sinus. The renal sinus filled with fatty tissue and small arterial and venous vessels, their diameter is below the resolving power of the ultrasound device, is visualized as fused intensive echosignals of an elongated form, when the renal scanning is longitudinal, and as oval or round -- when the scanning is transversal. The calyceal-pelvic complex, filled with liquor, is presented as an anechogenic branching structure, situating within the zone of an increased echogeneity. The echographic picture of the calyceal-pelvic complex is always fragmentary: as small anechogenic areas in the hyperechogenic zone mentioned (the small pelvic calyces), or an excentrically situated anechogenic zone near the hilus renalis (the renal pelvis). In order to make the echographic investigations more accurate, it is necessary to follow certain methodical requirements, anatomical comparisons including.
对35个成熟的人类肾脏的解剖学数据和超声数据进行了比较。肾脏的超声解剖结构已得到验证。结果表明，肾回声图的中央部分被密集回声信号区占据，该区域并非如先前认为的那样对应于肾盏复合体，而是对应于肾窦。充满脂肪组织以及小动脉和静脉血管（其直径低于超声设备的分辨能力）的肾窦，在纵向扫描肾脏时显示为细长形的融合密集回声信号，横向扫描时则显示为椭圆形或圆形。充满液体的肾盂肾盏复合体呈现为位于回声增强区域内的无回声分支结构。肾盂肾盏复合体的超声图像总是不完整的：表现为上述高回声区内的小无回声区（小肾盂肾盏），或肾门附近偏心位置的无回声区（肾盂）。为了使超声检查更准确，有必要遵循某些方法学要求，包括进行解剖学比较。
