Zbidi Sana, Zinoubi Badrane, Vandewalle Henry, Driss Tarak
1Research Center on Sport and Movement (CeRSM, EA 2931), Sciences and Techniques of the Physical and Sporting Activities (UFR STAPS), University of Paris West Nanterre La Defense, Nanterre, France; and2Laboratory of Physiology, UFR Health, Medicine and Human Biology, University of Paris XIII, Bobigny, France.
J Strength Cond Res. 2016 Mar;30(3):717-24. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001144.
The study investigated the effect of the time-of-day at which maximal isometric voluntary co-contraction (MIVCC) training is conducted on the adaptation and diurnal variation of maximal and explosive force production. Twenty active men underwent a 6-week (3 times per week) MIVCC training of the right elbow joint. The participants were randomly assigned to a morning training group (MTG, 07:00-08:00 hours) and evening training group (ETG, 17:00-18:00 hours). The maximal voluntary force (MVF) and maximal rate of force development (MRFD) during isometric elbow flexion (MVFF and MRFD(F)) and extension (MVF(E) and MRFD(E)) were recorded before (T0) and after (T1) training in the morning and evening. At T0, MVF and MRFD were higher in the evening compared with those in the morning for the MTG and ETG (p ≤ 0.05). At T1, MVFF and MVFE increased in the morning and evening for both groups (p < 0.001). The MRFD(F) and MRFD(E) increased only if training and test session were scheduled at the same time. The relative increase of MVF was greater at the specific time of training for the MTG (12 and 17.6% in MVF(F) and MVF(E), respectively) and ETG (9.8 and 13.4% in MVF(F) and MVF(E), respectively). The diurnal variations in MVF and MRF(D) during flexion and extension disappeared in the MTG and persisted in the ETG. Maximal isometric voluntary co-contraction training enhanced muscle strength whatever the time-of-day at which the training was scheduled without alteration of explosive force. In contrast, to optimize the muscle strength, our results suggested that morning training may be accompanied by the greatest muscle strength gain and blunted muscle strength variation observed between the morning and evening.
该研究调查了进行最大等长自主协同收缩（MIVCC）训练的时间对最大力量和爆发力产生的适应性及昼夜变化的影响。20名活跃男性接受了为期6周（每周3次）的右肘关节MIVCC训练。参与者被随机分配到早晨训练组（MTG，07:00 - 08:00）和晚上训练组（ETG，17:00 - 18:00）。在早晨和晚上训练前（T0）和训练后（T1）记录等长肘关节屈曲（MVFF和MRFD(F)）和伸展（MVF(E)和MRFD(E)）过程中的最大自主力量（MVF）和最大力量发展速率（MRFD）。在T0时，MTG和ETG的MVF和MRFD在晚上均高于早晨（p≤0.05）。在T1时，两组在早晨和晚上的MVFF和MVFE均增加（p<0.001）。仅当训练和测试时段安排在同一时间时，MRFD(F)和MRFD(E)才会增加。MTG（MVF(F)和MVF(E)分别增加12%和17.6%）和ETG（MVF(F)和MVF(E)分别增加9.8%和13.4%）在特定训练时间时MVF的相对增加更大。MTG中屈伸过程中MVF和MRFD的昼夜变化消失，而ETG中则持续存在。无论训练安排在一天中的什么时间，最大等长自主协同收缩训练均可增强肌肉力量，且不改变爆发力。相比之下，为了优化肌肉力量，我们的结果表明早晨训练可能伴随着最大的肌肉力量增加以及早晨和晚上之间观察到的肌肉力量变化减弱。
