Hogan Louise E, Jones Des C, Allen Rachel L
Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE.
TB Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, New Haw, KT15 3NB, UK.
Sci Rep. 2016 Feb 24;6:21780. doi: 10.1038/srep21780.
Antigen presenting cells (APC) are critical components of innate immunity and consequently shape the adaptive response. Leukocyte Ig Like Receptors (LILR) are innate immune receptors predominantly expressed on myeloid cells. LILR can influence the antigen presenting phenotype of monocytic cells to determine the nature of T cell responses in infections including Mycobaterium leprae. We therefore investigated the relevance of LILR in the context of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Real-time PCR studies indicated that the transcriptional profile of the orphan receptor LILRB5 was significantly up-regulated following exposure to mycobacteria. Furthermore, LILRA1 and LILRB5 were able to trigger signalling through direct engagement of mycobacteria using tranfectant cells incorporating a reporter system. We describe for the first time the expression of this receptor on T cells, and highlight the potential relevance to mycobacterial recognition. Furthermore, we demonstrate that crosslinking of this receptor on T cells increases proliferation of cytotoxic, but not helper, T cells.
抗原呈递细胞（APC）是固有免疫的关键组成部分，因此塑造了适应性反应。白细胞免疫球蛋白样受体（LILR）是主要在髓样细胞上表达的固有免疫受体。LILR可影响单核细胞的抗原呈递表型，以确定包括麻风分枝杆菌在内的感染中T细胞反应的性质。因此，我们研究了LILR在结核分枝杆菌背景下的相关性。实时PCR研究表明，孤儿受体LILRB5的转录谱在接触分枝杆菌后显著上调。此外，LILRA1和LILRB5能够通过使用包含报告系统的转染细胞与分枝杆菌直接结合来触发信号传导。我们首次描述了该受体在T细胞上的表达，并强调了其与分枝杆菌识别的潜在相关性。此外，我们证明该受体在T细胞上的交联增加了细胞毒性T细胞而非辅助性T细胞的增殖。
