Amirian E Susan, Zhou Renke, Wrensch Margaret R, Olson Sara H, Scheurer Michael E, Il'yasova Dora, Lachance Daniel, Armstrong Georgina N, McCoy Lucie S, Lau Ching C, Claus Elizabeth B, Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S, Schildkraut Joellen, Ali-Osman Francis, Sadetzki Siegal, Johansen Christoffer, Houlston Richard S, Jenkins Robert B, Bernstein Jonine L, Merrell Ryan T, Davis Faith G, Lai Rose, Shete Sanjay, Amos Christopher I, Melin Beatrice S, Bondy Melissa L
Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2016 Feb;25(2):282-90. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-15-0847.
Several previous studies have found inverse associations between glioma susceptibility and a history of allergies or other atopic conditions. Some evidence indicates that respiratory allergies are likely to be particularly relevant with regard to glioma risk. Using data from the Glioma International Case-Control Study (GICC), we examined the effects of respiratory allergies and other atopic conditions on glioma risk.
The GICC contains detailed information on history of atopic conditions for 4,533 cases and 4,171 controls, recruited from 14 study sites across five countries. Using two-stage random-effects restricted maximum likelihood modeling to calculate meta-analysis ORs, we examined the associations between glioma and allergy status, respiratory allergy status, asthma, and eczema.
Having a history of respiratory allergies was associated with an approximately 30% lower glioma risk, compared with not having respiratory allergies (mOR, 0.72; 95% confidence interval, 0.58-0.90). This association was similar when restricting to high-grade glioma cases. Asthma and eczema were also significantly protective against glioma.
A substantial amount of data on the inverse association between atopic conditions and glioma has accumulated, and findings from the GICC study further strengthen the existing evidence that the relationship between atopy and glioma is unlikely to be coincidental.
As the literature approaches a consensus on the impact of allergies in glioma risk, future research can begin to shift focus to what the underlying biologic mechanism behind this association may be, which could, in turn, yield new opportunities for immunotherapy or cancer prevention.
先前的多项研究发现，胶质瘤易感性与过敏史或其他特应性疾病之间存在负相关。一些证据表明，呼吸道过敏可能与胶质瘤风险特别相关。利用胶质瘤国际病例对照研究（GICC）的数据，我们研究了呼吸道过敏和其他特应性疾病对胶质瘤风险的影响。
GICC包含了来自五个国家14个研究地点招募的4533例病例和4171例对照的特应性疾病史的详细信息。我们使用两阶段随机效应限制最大似然模型来计算荟萃分析的比值比，研究了胶质瘤与过敏状态、呼吸道过敏状态、哮喘和湿疹之间的关联。
与没有呼吸道过敏史相比，有呼吸道过敏史的人患胶质瘤的风险降低约30%（混合比值比，0.72；95%置信区间，0.58 - 0.90）。在仅限于高级别胶质瘤病例时，这种关联相似。哮喘和湿疹对胶质瘤也有显著的保护作用。
关于特应性疾病与胶质瘤之间负相关的大量数据已经积累，GICC研究的结果进一步强化了现有证据，即特应性与胶质瘤之间的关系不太可能是巧合。
随着文献对过敏在胶质瘤风险中的影响达成共识，未来的研究可以开始将重点转移到这种关联背后的潜在生物学机制可能是什么，这反过来可能为免疫治疗或癌症预防带来新的机会。
