Gatto N M, Martinez L C, Spruijt-Metz D, Davis J N
Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles & Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, USA.
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
Pediatr Obes. 2017 Feb;12(1):28-37. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12102. Epub 2016 Feb 22.
Many programmes for children that involve gardening and nutrition components exist; however, none include experimental designs allowing more rigorous evaluation of their impact on obesity.
The objective of this study is to explore the effects of a novel 12-week gardening, nutrition and cooking intervention {'LA Sprouts'} on dietary intake, obesity parameters and metabolic disease risk among low-income, primarily Hispanic/Latino youth in Los Angeles..
This study used a randomized control trial involving four elementary schools [two randomized to intervention {172, 3rd-5th grade students}; two randomized to control {147, 3rd-5th grade students}]. Classes were taught in 90-min sessions once per week for 12 weeks. Data collected at pre-intervention and post-intervention included dietary intake via food frequency questionnaire, anthropometric measures {body mass index, waist circumference}, body fat, and fasting blood samples.
LA Sprouts participants compared with controls had significantly greater reductions in body mass index z-scores {-0.1 vs. -0.04, respectively; p = 0.01} and waist circumference {-1.2 vs. 0.1 cm; p < 0.001}. Fewer LA Sprouts participants had the metabolic syndrome after the intervention than before, while controls with metabolic syndrome increased. LA Sprouts participants compared with controls increased dietary fiber intake {+3.4% vs. -16.5%; p = 0.04}. All participants decreased vegetable intake, but decreases were less in LA Sprouts than controls {-3.7% vs. -26.1%; p = 0.04}. Change in fruit intake did not differ between LA Sprouts and controls.
LA Sprouts was effective in reducing obesity and metabolic risk; however, additional larger and longer-term studies are warranted.
目前存在许多涉及园艺和营养成分的儿童项目；然而，这些项目均未采用实验设计，无法更严格地评估其对肥胖的影响。
本研究的目的是探讨一项新颖的为期12周的园艺、营养和烹饪干预措施（“洛杉矶新芽计划”）对洛杉矶低收入、主要为西班牙裔/拉丁裔青少年的饮食摄入、肥胖参数和代谢疾病风险的影响。
本研究采用随机对照试验，涉及四所小学[两所随机分配至干预组（172名三至五年级学生）；两所随机分配至对照组（147名三至五年级学生）]。课程每周进行一次，每次90分钟，共持续12周。干预前和干预后收集的数据包括通过食物频率问卷获取的饮食摄入情况、人体测量指标（体重指数、腰围）、体脂以及空腹血样。
与对照组相比，“洛杉矶新芽计划”参与者的体重指数z评分显著降低（分别为-0.1对-0.04；p = 0.01），腰围也显著减小（-1.2厘米对0.1厘米；p < 0.001）。干预后，“洛杉矶新芽计划”参与者中患有代谢综合征的人数比干预前减少，而对照组中患有代谢综合征的人数增加。与对照组相比，“洛杉矶新芽计划”参与者的膳食纤维摄入量增加（+3.4%对-16.5%；p = 0.04）。所有参与者的蔬菜摄入量均减少，但“洛杉矶新芽计划”参与者的减少幅度小于对照组（-3.7%对-26.1%；p = 0.04）。“洛杉矶新芽计划”参与者和对照组的水果摄入量变化无差异。
“洛杉矶新芽计划”在降低肥胖和代谢风险方面有效；然而，有必要开展更多规模更大、为期更长的研究。
