Division of Population Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Atlanta, GA.
J Sch Health. 2023 Sep;93(9):750-761. doi: 10.1111/josh.13374.
We introduce the Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child approach to supporting student and school staff physical activity and nutrition and describe the methods used to generate the evidence synthesized across the special issue articles.
A 2-phase literature review search included a search of systematic reviews (2010-2018) for individual qualifying articles (Phase 1) and a search for individual articles on topics not addressed by a review (2010-2020) or that needed an update because they were in a review that was older (2010-2016) or showed insufficient evidence (Phase 2). Research librarians developed search strategies. In each phase, pairs of subject matter experts applied criteria to review abstracts and full-text articles and extracted data using standardized forms. We included 314 articles, describing 293 studies.
Most of the included studies looked at elementary or secondary school level interventions; 51% were rated poor quality, and few took place in a rural setting.
IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY: Most of the identified studies engaged majority minority or racially/ethnically diverse schools, suggesting that these interventions are feasible in a variety of settings.
This collection of 10 articles identifies evidence-based interventions, gaps in research, and implications for health equity.
我们介绍了“全员参与、全方位支持、全过程关注”的学校、社区、儿童健康模式，用于支持学生和学校工作人员的身体活动和营养，并描述了用于生成整个特刊文章综合证据的方法。
一项两阶段文献综述搜索包括对符合条件的单独文章进行系统综述搜索（2010-2018 年）（第一阶段），以及对未被综述涵盖或需要更新的特定主题的单独文章进行搜索（2010-2020 年），或者是因为它们是较早的综述（2010-2016 年）或证据不足（第二阶段）。研究图书馆员制定了搜索策略。在每个阶段，两名主题专家应用标准来审查摘要和全文文章，并使用标准化表格提取数据。我们共纳入了 314 篇文章，描述了 293 项研究。
大多数纳入的研究都着眼于小学或中学水平的干预措施；51%的研究被评为质量较差，且很少在农村地区进行。
对学校卫生政策、实践和公平性的启示：大多数已确定的研究都涉及多数族裔或种族/民族多样化的学校，这表明这些干预措施在各种环境中都是可行的。
本特刊中的 10 篇文章确定了基于证据的干预措施、研究中的差距以及对健康公平性的影响。
