Kumanyika S K
Department of Nutrition, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802-6597.
Clin Geriatr Med. 1989 Nov;5(4):769-89.
Weight reduction and sodium restriction are highly recommended components of hypertension treatment and may be of particular importance for many elderly patients. The issue for the practitioner is not whether to attempt nonpharmacologic treatment but how to provide effective nonpharmacologic treatment within the constraints that apply. Dietary programs should be individually prescribed and realistic, taking factors such as health status, material coping resources, culture, and personal food preferences into account. Behavioral counseling and adherence enhancement measures are essential aspects of initial and long-term management. When properly designed and implemented, dietary treatment of hypertension in elderly patients is not only feasible but also offers several potential spin-off benefits, which justify the input of time and resources.
减轻体重和限制钠摄入是高血压治疗中强烈推荐的组成部分，对许多老年患者可能尤为重要。从业者面临的问题不是是否尝试非药物治疗，而是如何在适用的限制条件下提供有效的非药物治疗。饮食计划应根据个体情况制定且切实可行，要考虑健康状况、物质应对资源、文化和个人食物偏好等因素。行为咨询和增强依从性的措施是初始和长期管理的重要方面。如果设计和实施得当，老年患者高血压的饮食治疗不仅可行，还能带来一些潜在的附带益处，这证明投入时间和资源是合理的。
